This set of Botany Multiple Choice Questions and Answers focuses on “Long Distance Transport of Water”.
1. The movement of chloroplast in cells of Hydrilla leaf is an example of cytoplasmic streaming.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Cytoplasmic streaming is the movement of cytoplasm within a plant or animal cell. It helps in symplastic movement. It is commonly seen in the movement of chloroplast in cells of Hydrilla leaf.
2. Bulk flow system occurs as a result of difference in ________
a) Height
b) Side of leaf
c) Pressure
d) Temperature
View Answer
Explanation: Bulk flow system occurs as a result of difference in pressure. Difference in sides of leaf leads to change in amount of photosynthesis, where lower leaf carries higher amount of photosynthesis than the upper leaf. Difference in height doesn’t have any role to play as xylem vessels take water from lower height to upper height. Difference in temperature leads to change in transpiration rate.
3. The pathway of absorption of water involving system of interconnected protoplasts is _______
a) apoplastic pathway
b) symplastic pathway
c) diffusion
d) pressure flow of hypothesis
View Answer
Explanation: Symplastic pathway consists of cytoplasm and intercellular movement through plasmodesmata. Apoplastic pathway consists of intercellular spaces and walls of the cells. Diffusion is simply the movement of water from higher concentration gradient and lower concentration gradient. Pressure flow of hypothesis is the mechanism of pathway of translocation of sugars from source to sink.
4. Water loss in its liquid phase from special openings of veins near the tip of grass blades is termed as _________
a) guttation
b) exudation
c) girdling
d) transpiration
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Explanation: Guttation is the liquid water loss from special openings of veins of leaves. Exudation is liquid which comes out of the pores or wounds. Girdling is the experiment which proves that translocation of food occurs through phloem. Transpiration is the loss of water from leaf stomata in the form of vapors.
5. Symbiotic association of fungus with the plant root system is known as ________
a) mutualism
b) nodules
c) ureides
d) mycorrhiza
View Answer
Explanation: Mycorrhiza is the symbiotic association of fungus with the root of the plant. Ureides is a form of nitrogen in which nodules of plants like soyabean export fixed nitrogen. Mutualism is the association where both the partners are interdependent such as plants and animals. Nodules are general associations of legume plants and bacteria.
6. Apoplastic pathway is discontinuous at _______
a) epidermis
b) cortex
c) casparian strips
d) pericycle
View Answer
Explanation: Apoplastic pathway is carried out as:
Epidermis -> cortex-> endodermis -> pericycle -> xylem.
Casparian strips are a part of endodermis which blocks the Apoplastic pathway. It is made up of suberin.
7. Statement A: Garden hose is an example of positive hydrostatic pressure.
Statement B: Suction through straw is an example of negative hydrostatic pressure.
a) Both the statements are true
b) Both the statements are false
c) Statement A is true but Statement B is false
d) Statement B is true but Statement A is false
View Answer
Explanation: Positive and negative hydrostatic pressure are types of bulk flow where substances move independently but still all the substances move together. It occurs due to pressure differences between two points.
8. Translocation occurs through _____
a) xylem only
b) phloem only
c) plasmodesmata
d) Vascular tissues
View Answer
Explanation: Plasmodesmata is the connections through which cytosol movement take place. Xylem is used for water, minerals, organic nitrogen and hormones. Phloem is used for organic and inorganic solutes. Vascular tissues consist of xylem and phloem, together carrying out complete translocation.
9. The extensions of root epidermal cells which increase the surface area for absorption are called as _______
a) casparian strips
b) root hairs
c) sieve plates
d) tracheids
View Answer
Explanation: Root hairs arise from region of maturation of the root system. They help in increasing area for absorption. Casparian strips are a part of endodermis which blocks the apoplastic pathway. Sieve plates are long columns with holes in the end walls of sieve tube cells of phloem. Tracheids are non-living parts of xylem where water enters directly.
10. The 
region in the figure given below represents ___________
a) apoplastic pathway
b) symplastic pathway
c) casparian strips
d) plasmodesmata
View Answer
Explanation: Apoplastic pathway is shown in indigo color which occurs through intercellular spaces and cell walls. Symplastic pathway is through cytoplasms of the cells. Casparian strips is shown in navy blue color. Plasmodesmata is the connecting link between cells which is depicted by grey color.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Biology – Class 11.
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