This set of Class 11 Biology Chapter 8 Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Eukaryotic Cells and it’s Organelles – 1”.
1. Which of these are not eukaryotic?
a) Plants
b) Fungi
c) Protists
d) Monerans
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Explanation: Eukaryotic cells possess a true nucleus. Plants, fungi and protists are eukaryotic organisms as they have a well – defined nucleus. However, monerans do not possess a well – defined nucleus and are thus, prokaryotes.
2. Which of these structures are absent in eukaryotes?
a) Organised nucleus
b) Membrane bound organelles
c) Mesosome
d) Nuclear envelope
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Explanation: Eukaryotic organisms have a well – defined nucleus. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope. The various organelles are membrane bound. However, only prokaryotic organisms possess mesosomes.
3. Which of these are absent in plant cell?
a) Large central vacuole
b) Cell wall
c) Centriole
d) Plastid
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Explanation: Plants cells are differentiated from animal cells on the basis of the presence of certain organelles such as plastids, cell wall and a large central vacuole. Only animal cells possess centrioles in their cytoplasm.
4. The structure of the cell membrane was studied in detail after the invention of the _____
a) electron microscope
b) light microscope
c) magnifying glass
d) confocal microscope
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Explanation: The structure of the cell membrane was studied in detail in the 1950s after the advent of the electron microscope. The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer containing various proteins in its structure.
5. Which of these structures of the phospholipid bilayer is correctly matched with its property?
a) Phosphate head – hydrophobic
b) Phosphate head – hydrophilic
c) Lipid tail – hydrophilic
d) Lipid tail – Polar
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Explanation: The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer in which the polar and hydrophilic phosphate head groups face outwards, while the non-polar and hydrophilic lipid tails face each other.
6. Which of these statements is not true regarding the cell membrane?
a) The phosphate heads are polar
b) It is a phospholipid bilayer
c) The hydrophilic tails face outwards
d) It contains integral proteins
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Explanation: The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer in which the polar and hydrophilic phosphate head groups face outwards, while the non-polar and hydrophilic lipid tails face each other.
7. What is the percentage of protein in the cell membrane of human erythrocytes?
a) 52%
b) 40%
c) 37%
d) 33%
View Answer
Explanation: The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer. It also contains various proteins. The protein and lipid percentages vary in different cells. Human erythrocyte membranes are 52% protein.
8. What is the percentage of lipids in the cell membrane of human erythrocytes?
a) 52%
b) 44%
c) 37%
d) 40%
View Answer
Explanation: The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer. It also contains various proteins. The protein and lipid percentages vary in different cells. Human erythrocyte membranes are made of 40% lipids.
9. Which of these scientists proposed the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?
a) Schleiden and Schwann
b) Hershey and Chase
c) Singer and Nicholson
d) Watson and Crick
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Explanation: Singer and Nicholson proposed the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane in 1972. According to this model, the lateral movement of proteins was enabled by the quasi-fluid nature of lipid.
10. Peripheral proteins lie on the surface of the cell membrane. True or false?
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer. The cell membrane has two types of proteins- peripheral proteins and integral proteins. Peripheral proteins are present on the surface of the membrane.
11. Fluidity of the cell membrane is a measure of the _____
a) ability of water to pass through the membrane
b) ability of potassium ions to pass through the membrane
c) ability of sodium ions to pass through the membrane
d) ability to move within the membrane
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Explanation: Fluidity of the cell membrane is the measure of the ability to move within the membrane. This movement is allowed due to the quasi-fluid nature of lipid present in the cell membrane.
12. Water moves across the cell membrane by _____
a) exocytosis
b) endocytosis
c) osmosis
d) active transport
View Answer
Explanation: The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer which is semi – permeable. Water moves across this membrane by the process of diffusion. The diffusion of water across a semi – permeable membrane is known as osmosis.
13. Which of these molecules require a carrier protein to pass through the cell membrane?
a) Small neutral solutes
b) Water
c) Polar molecules
d) Non – polar molecules
View Answer
Explanation: Since the cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer having non – polar lipid tail groups, polar molecules cannot pass through the membrane without the assistance of carrier proteins present within the membrane.
14. Identify the component of the cell membrane.
a) Hydrophilic phosphate head
b) Hydrophobic phosphate tail
c) Hydrophilic lipid tail
d) Hydrophobic lipid head
View Answer
Explanation: The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer in which the polar and hydrophilic phosphate head groups face outwards, while the non-polar and hydrophilic lipid tails face each other.
15. Which of these statements is not true regarding active transport?
a) It is an energy dependent process
b) Molecules are transported along their concentration gradient
c) Sodium – potassium pump requires active transport
d) ATP is utilised
View Answer
Explanation: Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration, against the concentration gradient. It requires energy in the form of ATP.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Biology – Class 11.
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