This set of Artificial Intelligence Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Neural Networks – 1”.
1. A 3-input neuron is trained to output a zero when the input is 110 and a one when the input is 111. After generalization, the output will be zero when and only when the input is?
a) 000 or 110 or 011 or 101
b) 010 or 100 or 110 or 101
c) 000 or 010 or 110 or 100
d) 100 or 111 or 101 or 001
View Answer
Explanation: The truth table before generalization is:
Inputs Output 000 $ 001 $ 010 $ 011 $ 100 $ 101 $ 110 0 111 1
where $ represents don’t know cases and the output is random.
After generalization, the truth table becomes:
Inputs Output 000 0 001 1 010 0 011 1 100 0 101 1 110 0 111 1
2. What is perceptron?
a) a single layer feed-forward neural network with pre-processing
b) an auto-associative neural network
c) a double layer auto-associative neural network
d) a neural network that contains feedback
View Answer
Explanation: The perceptron is a single layer feed-forward neural network. It is not an auto-associative network because it has no feedback and is not a multiple layer neural network because the pre-processing stage is not made of neurons.
3. What is an auto-associative network?
a) a neural network that contains no loops
b) a neural network that contains feedback
c) a neural network that has only one loop
d) a single layer feed-forward neural network with pre-processing
View Answer
Explanation: An auto-associative network is equivalent to a neural network that contains feedback. The number of feedback paths(loops) does not have to be one.
4. A 4-input neuron has weights 1, 2, 3 and 4. The transfer function is linear with the constant of proportionality being equal to 2. The inputs are 4, 10, 5 and 20 respectively. What will be the output?
a) 238
b) 76
c) 119
d) 123
View Answer
Explanation: The output is found by multiplying the weights with their respective inputs, summing the results and multiplying with the transfer function. Therefore:
Output = 2 * (1*4 + 2*10 + 3*5 + 4*20) = 238.
5. Which of the following is true?
(i) On average, neural networks have higher computational rates than conventional computers.
(ii) Neural networks learn by example.
(iii) Neural networks mimic the way the human brain works.
a) All of the mentioned are true
b) (ii) and (iii) are true
c) (i), (ii) and (iii) are true
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: Neural networks have higher computational rates than conventional computers because a lot of the operation is done in parallel. That is not the case when the neural network is simulated on a computer. The idea behind neural nets is based on the way the human brain works. Neural nets cannot be programmed, they can only learn by examples.
6. Which of the following is true for neural networks?
(i) The training time depends on the size of the network.
(ii) Neural networks can be simulated on a conventional computer.
(iii) Artificial neurons are identical in operation to biological ones.
a) All of the mentioned
b) (ii) is true
c) (i) and (ii) are true
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: The training time depends on the size of the network; the number of neuron is greater and therefore the number of possible ‘states’ is increased. Neural networks can be simulated on a conventional computer but the main advantage of neural networks – parallel execution – is lost. Artificial neurons are not identical in operation to the biological ones.
7. What are the advantages of neural networks over conventional computers?
(i) They have the ability to learn by example
(ii) They are more fault tolerant
(iii)They are more suited for real time operation due to their high ‘computational’ rates
a) (i) and (ii) are true
b) (i) and (iii) are true
c) Only (i)
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: Neural networks learn by example. They are more fault tolerant because they are always able to respond and small changes in input do not normally cause a change in output. Because of their parallel architecture, high computational rates are achieved.
8. Which of the following is true?
Single layer associative neural networks do not have the ability to:
(i) perform pattern recognition
(ii) find the parity of a picture
(iii)determine whether two or more shapes in a picture are connected or not
a) (ii) and (iii) are true
b) (ii) is true
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: Pattern recognition is what single layer neural networks are best at but they don’t have the ability to find the parity of a picture or to determine whether two shapes are connected or not.
9. Which is true for neural networks?
a) It has set of nodes and connections
b) Each node computes it’s weighted input
c) Node could be in excited state or non-excited state
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: All mentioned are the characteristics of neural network.
10. What is Neuro software?
a) A software used to analyze neurons
b) It is powerful and easy neural network
c) Designed to aid experts in real world
d) It is software used by Neurosurgeon
View Answer
Explanation: None.
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