This set of Cognitive Radio Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Next Generation Wireless Network – Communication Policies – 1”.
1. Which among the following are the recommendations proposed in the Spectrum Policy Initiative created in 2003?
a) Spectrum Sharing Innovation Test bed and Spectrum Sensing Tools
b) Spectrum Sharing Innovation Test bed and Spectrum Management Tools
c) Cross-layer Innovation Test bed and Spectrum Sensing Tools
d) Cross-layer Innovation Test bed and Spectrum Management Tools
View Answer
Explanation: Spectrum Sharing Innovation Testbed and Spectrum Management Tools are the recommendations proposed in the Spectrum Policy Initiative created in 2003. Most of the recommendations pertained to the modification of the spectrum management infrastructure. The initiative states that technological advances can be exploited to overcome spectrum scarcity by spectrum sharing.
2. What is the purpose of Spectrum Sharing Innovation Test Bed?
a) Spectrum Sharing Innovation Test Bed sets aside a portion of the spectrum for testing
b) Spectrum Sharing Innovation TestBed determines terrain suitable for testing
c) Spectrum Sharing Innovation TestBed creates environment models for testing
d) Spectrum Sharing Innovation TestBed constructs conditioned chambers for testing
View Answer
Explanation: Spectrum Sharing Innovation TestBed sets aside a portion of the spectrum for testing and evaluating the developing spectrum sharing methods. The Spectrum Policy Initiative predicted a likely surge in spectrum usage and developing spectrum sharing methods have to be tested accordingly.
3. What is the full form of CSIS organization?
a) Center for Skills and Intermediary Studies
b) Center for Skills and International Studies
c) Center for Strategic and International Studies
d) Center for Strategic and Intermediary Studies
View Answer
Explanation: The Center for Strategic and International Studies is a private, bipartisan public policy research organization that offers inferences and solutions to current and upcoming problems. The center carries out strategic analyses of political, economic, and security issues with a focus on issues concerning international relations, trade, and technology.
4. Which among the following is a problem addressed by CSIS?
a) Shortage of short range plans
b) Lack of common spectrum testing techniques
c) Challenges in negotiating international spectrum agreements
d) Construction of flexible spectrum management infrastructure
View Answer
Explanation: CSIS addressed four problems namely shortage of long range plans, lack of means to solve conflicts among spectrum management organizations, challenges in negotiating international spectrum agreements, and security and economic issues which might grow due to lack of technological development.
5. What are the recommendations proposed by CSIS for the improvement of spectrum management?
a) Establish fixed norms for proposing spectrum management algorithms
b) Establish research consortium to support the government and private sectors
c) Establish fixed regulations for spectrum sharing
d) Establish fixed regulations for spectrum sensing
View Answer
Explanation: The research consortium sets goals for spectrum innovation research. It is responsible for solving technical conflicts that tend to arise with the change in technology. CSIS also recommended the formation of an organization comprising of the White House, National Security Council, National Economic Council, and spectrum advisory board.
6. Which among the following is the official US regulatory body for the RF spectrum?
a) International Organisation for Standardisation
b) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
c) American National Standards Institute
d) Federal Communication Commission
View Answer
Explanation: Federal Communication Commission overlooks the communication carried out over radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable. The FCC consists of jurisdiction over the areas of broadband access, fair competition, radio frequency use, and public safety.
7. Which among the following is not addressed by the study conducted by Toffler associates in 2001?
a) Spectrum management
b) Technological impact of cognitive radio
c) Long term strategies for spectrum sharing
d) Methods of spectrum reallocation
View Answer
Explanation: Toffler associates proposed a set of recommendations for spectrum policy. The study conducted by the Toffler associates focused on spectrum management, spectrum reallocation techniques, and long term spectrum sharing strategies. The group suggested the development of a framework capable of handling the changing techniques of spectrum access, spectrum sharing, and spectrum mobility.
8. Which among the following instigated a review of spectrum policy at FCC?
a) Establishment of Spectrum Policy Task Force
b) Establishment of research consortium
c) Collaboration with Federal Aviation Administration
d) Collaboration with the American National Standards Institute
View Answer
Explanation: FCC stated that establishing the Spectrum Policy Task Force led to a thorough review of the spectrum policy of the FCC. The Spectrum Policy Task Force identified that a cognitive radio demanded changes in the spectrum policy. It also required different approaches to implement the spectrum policy.
9. Which among the following factors hinders effective spectrum usage according to the SPTF?
a) Lack of spectrum access
b) Lack of antenna technology
c) Lack of physical components of radios
d) Lack of high capacity processors
View Answer
Explanation: Spectrum Policy Task Force identified the lack of capacity is due to the current regulations applied on spectrum access. SPTF supported multiple dimensional access of the spectrum. The FCC relies on SPTF to create spectrum policies and spectrum management techniques that could lead to better overall usage of the available spectrum.
10. Which among the following areas will not have an impact on cognitive radio?
a) Maximize the flexibility of spectrum usage
b) Promote spectrum access in rural areas
c) Apply a qualitative approach to interference management
d) Allow easement for spectrum overlays and underlays
View Answer
Explanation: The recommendations proposed by SPTF maximize spectrum usage by allowing unlicensed users and promotes opportunistic spectrum access through secondary market policies. The SPTF promotes spectrum access in rural areas by altering the power levels, leasing, and geographical licensing.
11. The calculation of relative values of consumer services compared with scientific investigation and Earth exploration is a challenge imposed on policymakers by the mobile transmitter, mobile receiver configuration.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The calculation of relative values of consumer services compared with scientific investigation and Earth exploration is a challenge imposed on policymakers by the mobile transmitter, fixed receiver configuration. This information helps in assigning the usefulness of creating a mechanism to access an unused spectrum in a location.
12. Which among the following is false about the defence science board?
a) Defence Science Board comprises of technology and business experts
b) Defence Science Board is a Federal Advisory Committee for the US Department of Defence
c) Defence Science Board researches for the FCC
d) Defence Science Board is identified that using spectrum multiple dimension can reduce spectrum scarcity
View Answer
Explanation: Defence Science Board is an advisory committee composed of technology and business experts, which conducts research pertaining to the US department of defence. It identified that by utilizing the spectrum in multiple dimensions such as time, frequency, and modulation, spectrum scarcity can be reduced. It promoted real-time sharing of spectrum.
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