This set of Advanced Casting Questions and Answers focuses on “Riser Design – 2”.
1. The main function of a riser is to maintain the escaping of gases from the casting during solidification.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Basically, the main objective of the riser is to feed the casting during solidification so that no any kinds of shrinkage cavities are formed in the casting. Type of metal poured and the complexity of the casting is responsible for the requirement of risers in the casting system to produce castings.
2. Which of the following materials can have the negative volumetric shrinkage of the casting?
a) Aluminium
b) Steel
c) Zinc
d) Grey cast iron
View Answer
Explanation: Different materials have different volumetric shrinkage, in which grey cast iron is the material which sometimes may have a negative shrinkage. This mainly occurs because of high carbon and silicon contents in the grey cast iron, which results in occurring of graphitization which increases the volume.
3. There is no requirement of any risers for the casting of grey cast iron.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: In grey cast iron, while solidification the process of graphitization occurs, this increases the volume of the casting and counteracts the metal shrinkage, so risers can be eliminated for the casting of grey cast iron. But for some metals like aluminium and steel, the volumetric contraction is very high, so elaborate risering is required.
4. Improper risering has always resulted in the formation of voids inside the castings.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The main reason for the formation of voids inside the castings is that the liquid metal in the centre which solidifies in the end is not fed during the solidification of the castings; hence the liquid shrinkage ends up as a void. This can be avoided by proper design of the riser in the casting system.
5. The cooling characteristics of casting can be represented by the_____
a) volume to surface area ratio
b) product of volume and surface area
c) surface area to volume ratio
d) surface area to perimeter ratio
View Answer
Explanation: Solidification is basically occurred by losing heat from the surfaces and the amount of the heat is given by the volume of the casting, and the cooling characteristics of casting are given by the surface area to volume ratio. Riser is also similar to the casting in its solidification nature; hence the riser characteristics can also be given by the ratio of its surface area to volume.
6. Which of the following relations is given by chvorinov for the solidification time of a casting?
a) ts = k(V/SA)2
b) ts = k(V/SA)
c) ts = k(V*SA)2
d) ts = k(V/SA)3
View Answer
Explanation: Chvorinov scientist has shown that the solidification time of a casting is directly proportional to the square of the ratio of volume-to-surface area of the casting and the constant of proportionality is known as mould constant. His relation is given by: ts = k(V/SA)2, where ts = solidification time, V = volume, SA = surface area, k = mould constant.
7. A sphere can be used as a riser because of its freezing ratio, which is greater than unity.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Freezing ratio greater than unity is always preferred for the ability to feed the casting. Sphere could be used as a riser as its surface area to volume ratio is very low. But in sphere, the hottest metal being at centre, it is very difficult to use it for feeding to the casting, so a cylindrical type is always preferred.
8. Which of the following methods is used for the determination of optimum riser size?
a) RMS method
b) Modulus method
c) Finn method
d) Ring method
View Answer
Explanation: For the finding of optimum riser size, modulus method is very easy to take in action, and empirically it is also established that if the modulus of the riser exceeds the modulus of the casting by a factor of 1.2, then the feeding during the solidification part of the casting would be satisfactory.
9. Which of the following factors is used to define the casting type in riser design?
a) Plating factor
b) Ranginess factor
c) Caine factor
d) Pseudo factor
View Answer
Explanation: For the chunky type castings like a cube, the volume component can be neglected, but for the rangy castings, like as plate-like casting, the influence of the volume part becomes increasingly significant. So, it is very useful to have a parameter called ranginess factor (R), to define the casting type.
10. The core material should be highly refractory in nature to avoid any damages to it.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: In the casting of massive ring shaped bodies, the bore area is very small, so the bore experiences very high temperature that can damage or destroy the bore material, so in maximum cases, the designs are made to eliminate the use of cores or the highly refractory core materials are used to resist the high temperature.
11. In casting system, the riser is located at the lightest section to avoid any disturbance.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: In the casting system, the risers should be located at the heaviest sections to achieve a better casting with fewer defects, and because the heavier sections, themselves act as feeders for the thin sections. And variations in volume of riser must be done if the size of casting sections also varies.
12. Which of the following parts is used as exothermic materials or insulators for the increase in efficiency of the riser?
a) Chills
b) Feeding aids
c) Biscuit
d) Filler
View Answer
Explanation: At the time of solidification, the shrinkages are produced in the castings which are eliminated by the use of a riser. The metal in riser should be in liquid form for a long period of time as to feed the casting till it solidifies. So feeding aids are used for this purpose, they can be either exothermic materials or insulators.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Casting, Forming and Welding.
To practice advanced questions and answers on all areas of Casting, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
If you find a mistake in question / option / answer, kindly take a screenshot and email to [email protected]
- Practice Metallurgical Engineering MCQs
- Apply for Metallurgical Engineering Internship
- Apply for Mechanical Engineering Internship
- Check Mechanical Engineering Books
- Practice Mechanical Engineering MCQs
