This set of Bioseparation Technology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Properties of Biological Material”.
1. What are the fundamental properties of biological substances?
a) Size, molecular weight, diffusivity
b) Shape, temperature, pressure
c) Solubility, temperature, pressure
d) Pressure, charge, ionic strength
View Answer
Explanation: The fundamental properties of biological substances are size, molecular weight, diffusivity, sedimentation coefficient, osmotic pressure, electrostatic charge, solubility, partition coefficient, light absorption, fluorescence.
2. The molecular size of which molecule cannot be represented in terms of diameter?
a) Proteins, nucleic acid
b) Vitamins, minerals
c) Sugar, protein
d) Minerals, carbohydrate
View Answer
Explanation: Proteins and nucleic acids are macromolecules which have high molecular weight than vitamins, minerals and carbohydrates; therefore they cannot be represented in terms of diameter.
3. The molecular size of which molecule will be represented in terms of length and breadth?
a) Proteins
b) Ellipsoid molecule
c) Nucleic acid
d) Carbohydrate
View Answer
Explanation: Ellipsoid molecules have major and minor axis therefore the size of such molecules becomes complex and the size is represented in terms of length (major axis) and breadth (minor axis).
4. Which molecule is more complex than the ellipsoid molecule?
a) Antibodies
b) Enzymes
c) Proteins
d) Carbohydrates
View Answer
Explanation: The antibodies have complex structure and its dimensions are expressed in terms of Stokes-Einstein diameter. It is a Y-shaped protein which is large and is produced by plasma cells to maintain the immune system.
5. What is the example of ellipsoid molecule?
a) Alpha amylase
b) Antibody
c) Protein
d) Immunoglobulin
View Answer
Explanation: The alpha amylase is an important enzyme having molecular weight of 58kDa and its size is represented in terms of length (major axis) and breadth (minor axis) therefore, alpha amylase is considered to be an ellipsoid molecule.
6. The study of size is an important factor for conventional filtration, membrane separation, sedimentation, centrifugation, size exclusion chromatography.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The bioseparation techniques like conventional filtration, membrane separation, sedimentation, centrifugation, size exclusion chromatography are based on size of product to be purified.
7. What are the direct experimental techniques used to study the size of particulate matter?
a) Optical microscopy, electron microscopy
b) Coulter counter, laser light scattering
c) Optical microscopy, laser light scattering
d) Electron microscopy, coulter counter
View Answer
Explanation: The optical microscopy and electron microscopy are direct experimental techniques to study the size of particulate matter. Electron microscopy is used to obtain high resolution of products and electron microscopy is used to produce high resolution and magnification of images.
8. A suspension of a molecule in water became clear when it is allowed to have static position for 10 minutes at 20 degrees centigrade. The height of the suspension in the vessel was 80 cm and the density of kaolin is known to be 4.5 g/cm3. Estimate the diameter of the particles.
a) 2.19 * 10-3 cm
b) 2.4 * 10-3 cm
c) 4.38 * 10-3 cm
d) 4.8 * 10-3 cm
View Answer
Explanation: The density of water at 20°C is 1 g/cm3 and the viscosity is 0.01poise. The terminal velocity of the particle is 80cm/ 180cm = 0.44 cm/s. The acceleration due to gravity is 981 cm/s2.
The radius of the particle is √\(\frac{9\mu u_T}{2g (\rho _s – \rho_t)}\) = 2.4 * 10-3 cm therefore, the diameter of the particle = 2 * 2.4 * 10-3 = 4.38 * 10-3 cm.
9. How to estimate the Stokes-Einstein Radius of macromolecule when diffusivity of the molecule is 10m2/s.
a) 1.99 * 10-20 cm
b) 3.98 * 10-20 cm
c) 1.55 * 10-20 cm
d) 3.55 * 10-20 cm
View Answer
Explanation: rSE = \(\frac{RT}{6\pi D \mu N}\) where, R is gas constant = 8.31 J/mol and T is absolute temperature = 273.15 K, D is diffusivity, μ is viscosity = 0.01poise and N is Avogadro’s number = 6.022 * 1023. Therefore, radius obtained using diffusivity is 1.99 * 10-20 cm.
10. What are the indirect experimental techniques used to study the size of particulate matter?
a) Optical microscopy, electron microscopy
b) Coulter counter, laser light scattering
c) Optical microscopy, laser light scattering
d) Electron microscopy, coulter counter
View Answer
Explanation: The macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids can be estimated through laser light scattering and coulter counter, the indirect method to study the size of molecule. Light scattering measures the variations of light being scattered at different positions in a sample, it gives information about the mobility of the molecules so that the dimensions of the sample can be obtained.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Bioseparation Technology.
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