This set of Human Physiology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Disorders of Excretory System”.
1. The condition where urea accumulates in blood is ________
a) Anemia
b) Glycosuria
c) Uremia
d) Acidosis
View Answer
Explanation: The condition where urea accumulates in blood is Uremia. It is a very rare disorder. It is fewer than 1 million cases per year.
2. Name the condition when the concentration of ketone increases in urine.
a) Turners syndrome
b) Diabetes mellitus
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Acromegaly
View Answer
Explanation: Diabetes mellitus is lifelong condition they affect body’s ability to use the energy found in food. Diabetes can cause many complications if left untreated.
3. What is glycosuria?
a) Low amount of sugar in urine
b) Average amount of sugar in urine
c) Low amount of fat in urine
d) High amount of sugar in urine
View Answer
Explanation: Glycosuria is a condition characterized by an excess amount of sugar in the urine. It is associated with diabetes or kidney disease.
4. Hemodialysis is done when the person is suffering from ________
a) Goiter
b) Diabetes insipidus
c) Diabetes mellitus
d) Uremia
View Answer
Explanation: Hemodialysis is a process of purifying the blood of a person whose kidneys are not working normally. It is done to treat uremia.
5. Inflammation of joint due to accumulation of uric acid crystals is called ____________
a) Gout
b) Osteoporosis
c) Osteomalacia
d) Myasthenia gravis
View Answer
Explanation: Gout is also known as gouty arthritis. It is chracterie3zed by severe pain, redness and tenderness in joints.
6. About 90% of kidney stones can pass out through urinary system by drinking _______
a) Water
b) Juice
c) Sugar drinks
d) Milk
View Answer
Explanation: Kidney stones are also known as nephrolothiasis. A small hard deposit that forms in the kidneys and is often painful when passed.
7. Which drug is indicated for pain related to acute renal calculi?
a) Salicylates
b) NSAIDS
c) Narcotic analgesics
d) Muscle relaxants
View Answer
Explanation: Narcotic analgesics are usually needed to relieve the severe pain in renal calculi. NSAIDS are used for anti inflammatory and to treat less severe pain.
8. Polystyrene sulfonate is used in renal failure to ___________
a) Prevent constipation
b) Reduce serum level
c) Correct acidosis
d) Exchange potassium ions
View Answer
Explanation: In renal failure, patient becomes hyperkalemic because they can’t excrete potassium in the urine. Polystyrene sulfonate acts to excrete potassium by pulling potassium into the bowls and exchanging it for sodium.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Human Anatomy and Physiology.
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