This set of Biochemistry Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “RNA-Dependent Synthesis of RNA and DNA”.
1. Which is an example of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase?
a) Reverse transcriptase
b) DNA ligase
c) RNA polymerase I
d) RNA polymerase II
View Answer
Explanation: Reverse transcriptase (RT), also known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, is a DNA polymerase enzyme that transcribes single-stranded RNA into DNA. This enzyme is able to synthesize a double helix DNA once the RNA has been reverse transcribed in a first step into a single-strand DNA.
2. Reverse transcriptase does not catalyze ____________
a) RNA-dependent DNA synthesis
b) RNA degradation
c) DNA-dependent DNA synthesis
d) DNA-dependent RNA synthesis
View Answer
Explanation: Reverse transcriptase catalyzes three different reactions: RNA-dependent DNA synthesis, RNA degradation and DNA-dependent DNA synthesis.
3. Which of the following are not DNA viruses?
a) Hepatitis B virus
b) Influenza A virus
c) CMV virus
d) Parvovirus
View Answer
Explanation: Influenza A virus is RNA virus.
4. Which of the following statements about viruses is true?
a) They contain DNA
b) They contain RNA
c) They contain protein
d) They are susceptible to lipid solvents
View Answer
Explanation: They contain either DNA or RNA. Only enveloped viruses are susceptible to lipid solvents.
5. Which enzyme used in the formation of cDNA from mRNA?
a) Polymerase
b) Helicase
c) Reverse transcriptase
d) Gyrase
View Answer
Explanation: Reverse transcriptases make possible the synthesis of DNA complementary to an mRNA template.
6. Which of the following solves the problem of shortening of chromosomes in each cell cycle?
a) DNA ligase
b) Endonuclease
c) Telomerase
d) RNA polymerase
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Explanation: Telomerase adds telomeres to chromosome ends and solves the problem of chromosomes shortening.
7. Which of the following is RNA-dependent RNA polymerase?
a) Reverse transcriptase
b) RNA polymerase I
c) RNA polymerase II
d) RNA replicase
View Answer
Explanation: RNA polymerase I, RNA polymerase II are DNA dependent RNA polymerases and reverse transcriptase is RNA-dependent DNA polymerase.
8. HIV may not respond to ____________
a) Nucleoside analogues
b) Protease inhibitors
c) Neuraminidase inhibitors
d) Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
View Answer
Explanation: Neuraminidase inhibitors are used for the treatment of the influenza virus.
9. Which of the following introns have self-splicing activity?
a) Group I and group II
b) Group II and group III
c) Group III and group IV
d) Group I and group III
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Explanation: Only group I and group II introns have self-splicing activity.
10. Which type of homing is DNA-based?
a) Group I intron
b) Group II intron
c) Group III intron
d) Group IV intron
View Answer
Explanation: Group II intron homing occurs through an RNA intermediate.
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