This set of Energy & Environment Management Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Energy Flow in the Ecosystem”.
1. What is called for the process of breaking down food to yield energy?
a) Oxidation
b) Photosynthesis
c) Cellular respiration
d) Decomposition
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Explanation: Catabolism is a metabolic process in cellular respiration that uses oxygen and energy to break down nutrients. It creates the waste through an oxidation process with free chemical energy, which is used to help create the waste.
2. What are called for an organisms which get energy by eating dead organisms?
a) Decomposers
b) Producers
c) Consumers
d) Herbivores
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Explanation: Decomposers are an organism that break down chemicals from wastes and dead organisms. In return, it gives important materials to the soil and water. This is the last stop of the food chain.
3. Which among the following is a product of photosynthesis?
a) Glucose
b) Carbon
c) Monoxide
d) Nitrogen
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Explanation: Photosynthesis is a process to harvest energy from light. The energy is converted to biomass. Photosynthesis takes in carbon dioxide and water combine them in the presence of energy from the sun to make food.
4. What is called for an organism that eats both plants and animals?
a) Omnivore
b) Carnivore
c) Decomposers
d) Herbivore
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Explanation: Some animals eat both plants and animals they are called omnivores. Omnivores include mammals and birds. It is very easy for omnivore to find food because they eat both plants and animals. They are opportunistic eaters.
5. Why energy flow is linear in an ecosystem?
a) Because it flows in air medium
b) Because it is very particular
c) Because ecosystem is linear
d) Because energy flows from one trophic level to the next higher one
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Explanation: Energy flow is unidirectional because energy flows from one trophic level to next higher one. One more reason is when there is energy flow some energy lost as heat at each step. This is according to 10% energy transfer law.
6. Energy flow is cyclic
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Energy flow is a natural process that has energy associated with the movement. The energy is passed from one organism to another in the food chain but unlike water and few elements like nitrogen and carbon, energy doesn’t return in a cycle.
7. Flow of nutrients is___________________________
a) Unidirectional
b) Rectangular
c) Cyclic
d) Triangular
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Explanation: Nutrients flows in a cyclic form. This is because to create a balance of nutrients in different resources of the environment. These nutrients even if used are restored by these biogeochemical cycles. The flow of nutrients from abiotic factor to biotic factors helped by biogeochemical cycles.
8. Why plants in forests do not make use of all the light energy available to them?
a) Because plants do not require energy
b) Because plants are grown only in the winter season
c) Because of the absence of chlorophyll
d) Because sunlight doesn’t fall on the leaves fully
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Explanation: All plants require light energy in order to obtain energy. This energy is providing by sun known as ultimate source of energy. When sun light falls on the plants in the dense forest due to its shady branches of big trees which forms canopy.
9. Which form of Sun’s energy is trapped by the producers in the energy flow?
a) Light energy
b) Chemical energy
c) Wind energy
d) Pressure energy
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Explanation: The potential for light to perform work is called as light energy. Here light from sun enters the plants and there it creates energy with the help of chlorophyll. This chlorophyll is a green pigment present in all green plants to trap light energy.
10. How many percents of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next higher level?
a) 10%
b) 20%
c) 50%
d) 100%
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Explanation: Only about 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next higher trophic level. The rest of the energy is lost through heat as it transfers along each level. The reason for this is when energy is transferred energy is lost. This is according to second law of thermodynamics.
11. Into how many areas the energy that is received by organisms during energy transfer is converted?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
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Explanation: The energy that is received during energy transfer which is received by organisms is converted onto three different areas. The three areas are, a)Net Consumer Productivity, b)Metabolic Energy, c) Organic Waste.
12. There is always a loss of some energy as heat during energy flows through an ecosystem.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: At each trophic level about 90% of the energy is lost. It is called as ‘Ten Percent Law’, which was introduced by Lindeman in 1942. According to this law, during the transfer of energy from organic food from one tropic level to the next, only 10% of the energy from organic matter is stored as flesh.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Energy & Environment Management.
To practice all areas of Energy & Environment Management, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
