Environmental Engineering MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions)

Here are 1000 MCQs on Environmental Science & Engineering (chapterwise)

1. Which of the following statements define Environmental Engineering?
a) Creation of procedures and infrastructure for water delivery
b) Waste disposal
c) Pollution control of various kinds
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Environmental engineering entails the creation of procedures and infrastructure for water delivery, waste disposal, and pollution control of various kinds.

2. Among the given engineers, who is known as the first female environmental engineer?
a) Ellen Swallow Richards
b) Miss Ellen Henrietta
c) Catherine Anselm Gleason
d) Elsie Eaves
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Ellen H. Swallow Richards is best known for pioneering the subject of sanitary engineering. She was one of America’s first female professional chemists and the first woman to be accepted by a scientific institution.

3. Which of the following is/are types of pollution that affect the environment?
a) Air pollution
b) Water pollution
c) Land pollution
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Environmental contamination comes in three major forms: air pollution, water pollution, and land pollution. Excessive human activity, such as light and noise pollution, or specific pollutants, such as plastic or radioactive material, are all examples of pollution.

4. Which of the following statements define environmental chemistry?
a) study of chemical reactions that occur in water, air, land, biological habitats, and human activities
b) study of chemical reactions that occur in water, air, land, and biological habitats only
c) study of chemical reactions that occur in water, air, and land only
d) None of the above
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The study of chemical reactions that occur in water, air, land, and biological habitats, as well as the consequences of human activities on them, is known as environmental chemistry. Astrochemistry, atmospheric chemistry, environmental modeling, geochemistry, marine chemistry, and pollution remediation are among the topics covered.

5. Environmental science is defined by which of the following statements?
a) study of the interactions between the environment’s and humans only
b) study of the interactions between the environment’s and physical components
c) study of the interactions between the environment’s and chemical components
d) study of the interactions between the environment’s physical, chemical, and biological components
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Environmental science is the study of the interactions between the environment’s physical, chemical, and biological components.
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6. Why carbon dioxide is called a greenhouse gas?
a) Because they absorb heat
b) Because they absorb moisture
c) Because they absorb oxygen
d) Because they absorb hydrogen
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide, and fluorinated gases are examples of greenhouse gases. Because they absorb heat, these molecules in our atmosphere are known as greenhouse gases.

7. Which of the following statements means water vapor?
a) Water vapor is the gaseous phase of water
b) Water vapor is the liquid phase of water
c) Water vapor is the solid phase of water
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Water vapor or aqueous vapor is the gaseous phase of water. It is one state of water within the hydrosphere. Water vapor can be produced from the evaporation or boiling of liquid water or from the sublimation of ice. Water vapor is transparent, like most constituents of the atmosphere.

8. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?
a) Ocean currents
b) Solar energy
c) Biomass
d) All of the above
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Solar energy, wind, falling water, the earth’s heat (geothermal), plant materials (biomass), waves, ocean currents, temperature differences in the oceans, and the energy of the tides are all renewable resources.

9. Which is the first zone of purification in a sand bed?
a) Heterotrophic zone
b) Schmutzdecke zone
c) Electrolytic zone
d) Autotrophic zone
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Schmutzdecke zone is the first zone of purification in a sand bed. It comes under the biological action of filtration. Schmutzdecke is known as the surface coating.

10. What does the phrase “anthropogenic CO2 emissions” mean?
a) Natural CO2 emissions
b) Human made CO2 emissions
c) Industrial CO2 emissions
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The word “anthropogenic” stands for environmental impact due to human activity.

11. Which process of water treatment is done to avoid floating debris, branches, trees, or other large particles suspended in water?
a) Primary sedimentation
b) Secondary sedimentation
c) Screening
d) Aeration
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Screens are used as a pretreatment process for purification of water to avoid large size suspended materials from water.

12. Which of the following compounds was earlier produced for the utility of transformers?
a) PCB
b) TCDD
c) PCDF
d) PDD
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Polychlorinated biphenyls were used for transformer purposes, but now it is prohibited due to its adverse environmental impact.

13. When Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) is greater than Adiabatic Lapse Rate (ALR), then which of the following occurs?
a) Super adiabatic lapse rate
b) Neutral lapse rate
c) Adiabatic lapse rate
d) Sub adiabatic lapse rate
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: In Super adiabatic lapse rate, the environment is unstable due to the quick dispersion of pollutants.

14. When environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) is less is than Adiabatic Lapse Rate (ALR), then which of the following occurs?
a) Super adiabatic lapse rate
b) Neutral lapse rate
c) Adiabatic lapse rate
d) Sub adiabatic lapse rate
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: When the temperature increases with an increase in altitude, Sub adiabatic lapse rate occur and there will be stable environment.
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15. Which of the following is NOT a primary pollutant?
a) Oxygen
b) Ground-level ozone
c) Carbon monoxide
d) Carbon dioxide
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Ozone is not a primary pollutant since it is formed by the photo-chemical reaction of oxygen with the UV rays and not directly discharged into the atmosphere by a source.

16. Which of the following gas is released when alum is added to water?
a) Ca (OH)3
b) CO2
c) Al (OH)3
d) CaSO4
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Carbon dioxide gas is released when alum is added to water, which is corrosive to metals.

17. Which of the following plants is extremely sensitive towards sulphur dioxide?
a) Tomato
b) Onion
c) Potato
d) Corn
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Tomato is sensitive towards sulphur dioxide whereas onion, potato and corn are relatively tolerant.

18. Which of the following is not commonly used as a filter material in the treatment of water?
a) Garnet sand
b) Crushed rock
c) Sand
d) Anthracite
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Sand, Anthracite and Garnet sand are used as a filter material but crushed rock is not used in the treatment of water.

19. In which of the following process earthworms decompose biodegradable solid waste?
a) Composting
b) Land fills
c) Shredding
d) Vermi-composting
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The process of decomposition of biodegradable solid waste by earthworms is called Vermi-composting.
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20. Which of the mentioned devices are used for removing vapour phase/gaseous pollutants?
a) Thermal oxidisers
b) Absorption towers
c) Catalytic converters
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Absorption tower, catalytic converters and thermal oxidisers filter out harmful gaseous pollutants from the air.

21. Which of the following is biodegradable waste?
a) Paper
b) Food waste
c) Polythene bags
d) Synthetic fiber
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Polythene bags, synthetic fiber, and paper are non-biodegradable wastes whereas food waste is biodegradable waste.

22. Which of the following water treatment process is done after filtration of water?
a) Secondary sedimentation
b) Flocculation
c) Primary sedimentation
d) Disinfection
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Disinfection is a process which is done to kill microorganism present in the water after the filtration process.

23. Which of the following type of pollution is Cultural eutrophication?
a) Noise pollution
b) Thermal pollution
c) Soil pollution
d) Water pollution
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Cultural eutrophication is a water pollution due to the presence of excessive nutrients from house waste, industries, etc. that pollutes the lake, decreases the oxygen level and destroys the aquatic ecosystem.

24. In the lower layers of atmosphere, what range of wavelengths of light is predominant?
a) Between 100-300 nm
b) Less than 100 nm
c) Greater than 300 nm
d) All wavelengths are equally present
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: In the lower layers of atmosphere, light of wavelengths greater than 300nm are present and it is because of this reason, there is generally no ozone formation at the ground level.

25. Which of the following radiations of the sun do greenhouse gases trap?
a) Infrared radiations
b) UV radiations
c) Visible radiations
d) All the radiations
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Greenhouse gases trap the infrared radiations from the sun and reflect it back to the Earth’s surface thereby heating up the planet.

26. Which of the following air pollution control device has maximum efficiency?
a) Spray tower
b) Wet cyclonic scrubber
c) Dynamic precipitator
d) Electrostatic precipitator
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Electrostatic precipitator has the maximum efficiency among the rest with a value of 99%.

27. Which of the following is not a part of photochemical smog?
a) SPM
b) PAN
c) O3
d) NO2
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Photochemical smog includes NO2, O3 and PAN. The damage to vegetation is caused by NO2, O3 and PAN.

28. Which of the following device is used to prevent the clogging of sewer pipes?
a) Drop manhole
b) Storm regulators
c) Flushing tank
d) Lamp hole
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Flushing tank is used to flush and clean the sewer to prevent it from clogging. This is done either by automatic flushing tank or by hand operated flushing tank.

29. Which of the following factor does not effect the dry weather flow?
a) Infiltration of ground water
b) Population growth
c) Rate of water supply
d) Temperature conditions
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: There are four factors that affect the dry weather flow, namely the rate of water supply, population growth, type of area served and infiltration of ground water.

30. Which of the following gas is not colorless?
a) SO3
b) Pb
c) NO
d) O3
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: NO is a highly reactive gas which is reddish brown in color, whereas O3, Pb and SO3 are colorless gas.

31. Which of the following is an advantage of a separate water carriage system?
a) The more uniform character of sewage
b) Two sets of sewer are used
c) Get choked easily
d) Difficult to clean the sewer
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The sewage in the separate water carriage system will be of more uniform character and it will lend itself more easily to purification.

32. Which of the following flow is also called sanitary sewage?
a) Nonuniform flow
b) Uniform flow
c) Dry weather flow
d) Storm weather flow
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Dry weather flow is the quantity of wastewater that flows through a sewer in dry weather when no storm water is present in the sewer.

33. Which of the following greenhouse gas is contributed by cattle farming?
a) Carbon monoxide
b) Nitrous oxide
c) Methane
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Methane is a gas released by the digestive processes of cattle and hence cattle farming also contributes to the greenhouse effect.


1000+ Multiple Choice Questions on Environmental Engineering

Environmental Engineering MCQ - Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

Our 1000+ MCQs focus on all topics of Environmental Engineering and Environmental Science, covering 100+ topics. This will help you to prepare for exams, contests, online tests, quizzes, viva-voce, interviews, and certifications.
  1. Water Demand and Quantity
  2. Quality of Water
  3. Unit Operations, Screening and Aeration
  4. Sedimentation
  5. Filtration
  6. Properties of Disinfection
  7. Water Softening
  8. Miscellaneous Treatment Methods
  9. Pumps and Pumping
  10. Conveyance and Distribution of Water
  11. Water Supply for Building, Collection and Conveyance of Sewage, Waste Water Flow Rate
  12. Hydraulic Design of Sewers
  13. Construction of Sewers, Sewer Appurtenances and Sewage Pumping
  14. Wastewater Characteristics
  15. Natural Methods of Wastewater Disposal
  16. Unit Operations for Wastewater Treatment, Preliminary Treatment
  17. Sedimentation and Chemical Clarification
  18. Sewage Filtration and Activated Sludge Process
  19. Solid Waste Management, Aerobic & Anaerobic Stabilization Units
  20. Air Pollution
  21. Atmosphere & Greenhouse Gases
  22. Particulates, Acid Rain & Aerosols

1. Environmental Engineering MCQ on Water Demand and Quantity

The section contains environmental engineering multiple choice questions and answers on water demand and population forecasting.

  • Water Demand
  • Population Forecasting
  • 2. Environmental Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on Quality of Water

    The section contains environmental engineering questions and answers on physical characteristic of water, chemical and biological characteristic of water.

  • Physical Characteristic of Water
  • Chemical Characteristic of Water
  • Biological Characteristic of Water
  • 3. Environmental Engineering MCQ on Unit Operations, Screening and Aeration

    The section contains environmental engineering MCQs on unit operations, screening and aeration types.

  • Various Unit Operations
  • Types of Screens and Aerators
  • 4. Environmental Science MCQ on Sedimentation

    The section contains environmental engineering multiple choice questions and answers on sedimentation theory and design elements, sedimentation with coagulation, flocculation and clarification.

  • Theory of Sedimentation
  • Design Elements of Sedimentation
  • Sedimentation with Coagulation
  • Flocculation and Clarification in Environmental Engineering
  • 5. Environmental Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on Filtration

    The section contains environmental engineering questions and answers on filtration theory and classification, filter media, slow and rapid sand filter, filter operations problems, filtration hydraulics, dual and mixed media filter, pressure filter and various filters.

  • Theory and classification of Filtration
  • Filter Media in Environmental Engineering
  • Slow Sand Filter in Environmental Engineering
  • Rapid Sand Filter in Environmental Engineering
  • Problems in Filter Operation
  • Comparison Between Slow and Rapid Sand Filter
  • Filtration Hydraulics in Environmental Engineering
  • Pressure Filter in Environmental Engineering
  • Dual Media and Mixed Media Filter
  • Various Other Filters
  • 6. Environmental Engineering MCQ on Properties of Disinfection

    The section contains environmental engineering MCQs on disinfection methods, chlorination and its forms, factors affecting chlorination, kinetics of chemical disinfection, iodine, bromine and ozone treatment.

  • Methods of Disinfection
  • Chlorination in Environmental Engineering
  • Forms of Chlorination
  • Factors Affecting Chlorination
  • Kinetics of Chemical Disinfection
  • Iodine, Bromine and Ozone Treatment
  • 7. Environmental Science Multiple Choice Questions on on Water Softening

    The section contains environmental engineering multiple choice questions and answers on hardness types and their removal methods, lime soda and zeolite process.

  • Types of Hardness and Method of their Removal
  • Environmental EngineeringLime Soda Process
  • Zeolite Process
  • 8. Environmental Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on Miscellaneous Treatment Methods

    The section contains environmental engineering questions and answers on removal of iron, manganese, colour, odour and taste, activated carbon treatment, desalination, fluoridation and defluoridation.

  • Removal of Iron, Manganese, Colour, Odour and Taste
  • Activated Carbon Treatment
  • Fluoridation and Defluoridation
  • Desalination in Environmental Engineering
  • 9. Environmental Engineering MCQ on Pumps and Pumping

    The section contains environmental engineering MCQs on pumps types, centrifugal and reciprocating pumps, well pumps and pumping units selection.

  • Types of Pumps
  • Centrifugal Pump in Environmental Engineering
  • Reciprocating Pump in Environmental Engineering
  • Well Pump in Environmental Engineering
  • Selection of Pumping Units
  • 10. Environmental Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on Conveyance and Distribution of Water

    The section contains environmental engineering multiple choice questions and answers on distribution system layout, pipes and valves types.

  • Types of Pipes
  • Types of Valves
  • Layout of Distribution System
  • 11. Multiple Choice Questions on Water Supply for Building, Collection and Conveyance of Sewage, Waste Water Flow Rate

    The section contains environmental engineering questions and answers on service connection, conservancy system, water carriage system, rational method, dry weather and storm water flow.

  • Service Connection in Environmental Engineering
  • Conservancy System in Environmental Engineering
  • Water Carriage System
  • Dry Weather Flow in Environmental Engineering
  • Storm Water Flow in Environmental Engineering
  • Rational Method in Environmental Engineering
  • 12. Environmental Science MCQ on Hydraulic Design of Sewers

    The section contains environmental engineering MCQs on hydraulic formulae, minimum and maximum velocity of flow, hydraulic elements of circular sewers, egg shaped sewers and other sewer sections.

  • Hydraulic Formulae in Environmental Engineering
  • Minimum and Maximum Velocity of Flow
  • Hydraulic Elements of Circular Sewers
  • Egg Shaped Sewers and Other Sewer Sections
  • 13. Multiple Choice Questions on Construction of Sewers, Sewer Appurtenances and Sewage Pumping

    The section contains environmental engineering multiple choice questions and answers on sewers types and materials, jints and shapes of sewers, forces and loads on sewers, devices associated with sewer, inverted siphon and sewage pumping.

  • Types of Sewers in Environmental Engineering
  • Material for Sewers in Environmental Engineering
  • Joints and Shapes of Sewers and Cleaning, Maintenance and Ventilation of Sewer
  • Forces and Loads on Sewer
  • Devices Associated with Sewer
  • Inverted Siphon, Storm Regulator and Sewage Pumping
  • 14. Environmental Science MCQ on Wastewater Characteristics

    The section contains environmental engineering questions and answers on physical characteristics of waste water, chemical and biological characteristics of waste water, oxygen demand, population equivalent and relative stability.

  • Physical Characteristics of Waste Water
  • Chemical Characteristics of Waste Water
  • Biological Characteristics of Waste Water
  • Oxygen Demand in Environmental Engineering
  • Population Equivalent and Relative Stability
  • 15. Environmental Engineering MCQ on Natural Methods of Wastewater Disposal

    The section contains environmental engineering MCQs on disposal of sewage, pollution zones in river, oxygen sag curve and biological zones in lake.

  • Disposal of Sewage in Environmental Engineering
  • Pollution Zones in River
  • Oxygen Sag Curve in Environmental Engineering
  • Biological Zones in Lake
  • 16. Multiple Choice Questions on Unit Operations for Wastewater Treatment, Preliminary Treatment

    The section contains environmental engineering multiple choice questions and answers on unit operations types, racks and screen, grift chambers, tanks and vaccum floatation.

  • Types of Unit Operations
  • Racks and Screen in Environmental Engineering
  • Grit Chambers, Tanks and Vacuum Floatation
  • 17. Environmental Science MCQ on Sedimentation and Chemical Clarification

    The section contains environmental engineering questions and answers on settling and settling tanks types, sedimentation tank design and chemical clarification.

  • Types of Settling in Environmental Engineering
  • Types of Settling Tanks
  • Design of Sedimentation Tank
  • Chemical Clarification in Environmental Engineering
  • 18. Multiple Choice Questions on Sewage Filtration and Activated Sludge Process

    The section contains environmental engineering MCQs on sewage filter types, conventional trickling filter, high rate trickling filter and secondary clarifier, diffused air system, mechanical aeration system, sludge digestion tank, activated sludge plant design, sludge dewatering and thickening.

  • Types of Sewage Filter
  • Conventional Trickling Filter
  • High Rate Trickling Filter and Secondary Clarifier
  • Diffused Air System
  • Mechanical Aeration System, Treatment of Sludge
  • Digestion of Sludge, Sludge Digestion Tank
  • Design of Activated Sludge Plant
  • Sludge Thickening, Sludge Dewatering
  • 19. Environmental Science MCQ on Solid Waste Management, Aerobic & Anaerobic Stabilization Units

    The section contains environmental engineering multiple choice questions and answers on oxidation and stabilization ponds, municipal solid waste, septic tank and imhoff Tank construction.

  • Oxidation and Stabilization Ponds
  • Construction of Septic Tank
  • Construction of Imhoff Tank
  • Municipal Solid Waste
  • 20. Environmental Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on Air Pollution

    The section contains environmental engineering questions and answers on air pollutants, air pollution effects, plumes types, air pollution control devices, dispersion of air pollutants, contol of gaseous pollutant, air pollution effects, air pollution sources, air pollution meteorology and air quality.

  • Air Pollutants in Environmental Engineering
  • Effects of Air Pollution, Design of Stack Height
  • Types of Plumes
  • Devices to Control Air Pollution
  • Dispersion of Air Pollutants, Contol of Gaseous Pollutants
  • Air Pollution – Analysis
  • Air Pollution – Effects – 1
  • Air Pollution – Effects – 2
  • Air Pollution – Sources – 1
  • Air Pollution – Sources – 2
  • Air Pollution – Meteorology
  • Air Quality in Environmental Engineering
  • 21. Environmental Science MCQ on Atmosphere & Greenhouse Gases

    The section contains environmental engineering MCQs on atmosphere, climate model, greenhouse gases and ozone depletion.

  • Atmosphere
  • Climate Model
  • Environmental Greenhouse Gases – 1
  • Environmental Greenhouse Gases – 2
  • Environmental Ozone Depletion
  • 22. Environmental Science Multiple Choice Questions on Particulates, Acid Rain & Aerosols

    The section contains environmental engineering multiple choice questions and answers on particulates, acid rain and aerosols.

  • Particulates in Environmental Engineering
  • Environmental Acid Rain
  • Environmental Aerosols
  • If you would like to learn "Environmental Engineering" thoroughly, you should attempt to work on the complete set of 1000+ MCQs - multiple choice questions and answers mentioned above. It will immensely help anyone trying to crack an exam or an interview.

    Wish you the best in your endeavor to learn and master Environmental Engineering!

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