This set of Energy Management Question Paper focuses on “Ecological Services”.
1. What is called for the benefits that nature provides to human beings?
a) Ecosystem services
b) Ecosystem conservation
c) Ecosystem degradation
d) Ecosystem pool
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Explanation: Ecological services are the environmental benefits resulting from physical, chemical and biological functions of ecosystems. Ecological services include market goods produced from ecosystems and non material benefits.
2. Why are ecosystem services important for sustainable development?
a) Due to increase in population
b) Due to decrease in population
c) Due to increase in forest area
d) Due to increase in animals
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Explanation: The human population is increasing day by day and it will become a greater demand for many natural resources. The limited natural resources from the ecosystem may not satisfy each and everyone desire. Thus ecosystem services are important for sustainable development.
3. How might ecosystem services save our life?
a) By providing energy
b) By expanding our wealth
c) By killing organisms
d) By causing damages to ecosystem
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Explanation: Many ecosystem services provide food which is the basic thing for all organisms to sustain the life. This food which contributes food web and thus the energy keep on passing from producers to decomposers.
4. Which of the following natural capital provide food production?
a) Grasslands
b) Forests
c) Wetlands
d) Croplands
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Explanation: Cropland is defined as a land that includes areas used for the production of adapted crops for harvest. Two subcategories of cropland are recognized, cultivated and noncultivated. Cropland is the natural capital which provides food production.
5. What is the main reason for the reduction of ecological services?
a) Excessive growth of forest
b) Unsustainable depletion of natural capital
c) Increase in the yield of food crops
d) Improper management
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Explanation: Ecological services have been declining continually as landscapes and are converted from their natural states for human use. Unsustainable depletion of natural capital results in the reduction of ecological services.
6. Humans are completely depended on the natural forest for food.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Humans are not completely depends on natural forests for food. We grow many food items that are required in private croplands. This private cropland meets the dependence of food for both humans and as well as animals.
7. Which of the following factor help to conserve water quality?
a) Sunlight
b) Forest
c) Rock
d) Sand
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Explanation: Forests helps to conserve water quality. Trees provide shade to keep water cool. Cool water maintains higher oxygen content when compared to warm water. Water temperature and sedimentation play an important role in maintaining water quality.
8. Which of the following helps to preserve biodiversity?
a) Private forests
b) Rocks
c) Seas
d) Sediments
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Explanation: Private forests play an important role in providing habitant to wildlife and they preserve biodiversity. Private forest in particular makes an important contribution to the conservation of aquatic habitat.
9. Which of the following is the important pool of carbon?
a) Air
b) Water
c) Forest
d) Land
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Explanation: Forests constitute an important pool of carbon. Trees take carbon out of the atmosphere through photosynthesis. This carbon is stored in the trees. Green wood of weight is about 25% carbon. Thus carbon plays an important role in ecosystem.
10. Which type of forest is widely used for outdoor recreation?
a) Natural forests
b) Private forests
c) Dead forests
d) Grassland forests
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Explanation: Forest land together with another water bodies like lake and streams provide an excellent resource for outdoor recreation. Some of the outdoor recreation are swimming, fishing and hiking. Private forests are often used for recreation compared to other types of forests.
11. How did ecosystem services help for pollination of crops?
a) By the help of humans
b) By animals help
c) By natural calamities
d) By self germination
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Explanation: Plants rely on animals or the wind to pollinate the crops. Animals such as bees, butterflies and moths pollinate plants. All this pollination occurs accidentally. Animals while getting food the sticky pollen made at the base of the pollen helps in the pollination process.
12. According to Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, how many percent of ecosystem services are used unsustainably?
a) 50%
b) 60%
c) 70%
d) 80%
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Explanation: According to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, biodiversity is a necessary underlying component of ecological goods and services. In 2005, they made a project and showed that 60% of ecosystem services are being degraded.
13. How many categories of service provide of ecosystem to humans according to ‘Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA)?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
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Explanation: In MEA scientist developed four basic categories of services provided by ecosystem to humans they are, 1. Providing services like wood, 2. Regulating services like flood regulations, 3. Supporting services like ecological processes, 4. Cultural services like aesthetic.
14. Ecosystem services are the benefits that humans freely gain from nature.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Ecosystem services are providing by nature for free of cost to humans. But instead of using it in useful way humans degrading it. This leads to the improper use of ecological services. The term ‘Environmental Services’ was introduced in 1970.
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