Here are 1000 MCQs on Renewable Energy (Chapterwise).
1. What is renewable energy?
a) Energy derived solely from fossil fuels
b) Energy that can be replenished naturally over short timeframes
c) Energy obtained from non-replenishable sources
d) Energy that cannot be utilized more than once
View Answer
Explanation: Renewable energy is obtained from natural sources such as sunlight, wind, water, and biomass, which are replenished naturally over short periods. Unlike fossil fuels, these sources are sustainable and have minimal environmental impact.
2. Which of the following is not a type of primary resource?
a) Crude Oil
b) Coal
c) Sunlight
d) Hydrogen Energy
View Answer
Explanation: Hydrogen is mainly obtained from Fossil Fuels, which are primary sources of energy. Therefore, Hydrogen energy is a secondary source of energy. Crude Oil, Coal, and Sunlight are the primary source of energy since they can be directly obtained from nature.
3. What is the primary characteristic of renewable energy?
a) It is derived from fossil fuels
b) It requires long periods to be replenished
c) It can be used indefinitely without depleting resources
d) It causes significant pollution
View Answer
Explanation: Renewable energy comes from sources that naturally replenish, such as wind, solar, and water, ensuring a continuous supply without depleting resources.
4. What is the main environmental benefit of using renewable energy?
a) Increased deforestation
b) Increased air pollution
c) Decreased greenhouse gas emissions
d) Depletion of natural resources
View Answer
Explanation: Renewable energy sources produce little to no greenhouse gases, helping reduce air pollution and combat climate change compared to fossil fuels.
5. A new renewable energy system is designed to harvest energy from wind. The total energy required to build the system is 240 kJ. The energy yield ratio of the system is 14:3. What will be the total energy provided by the system over its lifetime?
a) 1,120 kJ
b) 18,000 kJ
c) 2,258 kJ
d) 54,000 kJ
View Answer
Explanation: We know that the energy yield ratio (Ey) of a system is given by
Ey = \(\frac{E_s}{E_r}\)
Where Es = Energy supplied by the system over its lifetime
And, Er = Energy required to build the system
Therefore, Ey = \(\frac{Es}{240} = \frac{14}{3}\)
Or, Es = 240 x \(\frac{14}{3}\)
Or, Es = 1120 kJ.
6. Which of the statements is correct about Solar Energy?
a) It is a renewable and non-conventional source of energy
b) It is a non-renewable and non-conventional source of energy
c) It is a renewable and conventional source of energy
d) It is a non-renewable source of energy
View Answer
Explanation: Solar energy is a source of energy that has not been used traditionally and is relatively new in terms of usage. Hence it is a non-conventional source of energy. It is unlimited and inexhaustible and hence is a renewable source of energy.
7. Half of the world’s energy needs are fulfilled by renewable energy sources.
a) False
b) True
View Answer
Explanation: 89 percent of the total energy produced is from non-renewable resources i.e. Coal(27%), Natural Gas(24%), Oil(34%) and Nuclear Energy(11%). Only 11% of the world’s energy needs are fulfilled by Renewable resources.
8. What is the major problem with wind energy?
a) Requires large area of land
b) It is a renewable source of energy
c) Generates energy from wind
d) Compact and does not require large area of land
View Answer
Explanation: The major problem with wind energy is that it requires a large area of land. It also poses a threat to wildlife habitat like destruction of birds. It is a renewable source of energy because it generates energy from wind.
9. Why is there a demand for renewable sources of energy?
a) Because they emit greenhouse gases
b) Because they are more efficient
c) Because they are low or zero carbon footprint
d) Because of decreasing global temperatures
View Answer
Explanation: Renewable energy sources are required because they have zero or extremely low carbon footprints. Thus, greenhouse gas emissions from such sources are negligible compared to fossil fuels.
10. What is a major drawback of solar furnaces to be used as a renewable source of energy on earth?
a) Cannot be used as a source of energy
b) Finances
c) Heavily reliant on sun
d) Not reliant on sun
View Answer
Explanation: One of the major drawbacks of solar furnaces, particularly if they are to be used as a renewable source of energy on earth, is that they are heavily reliant on the sun. Another problem is the availability of land to install huge systems to convert energy.
11. Why are renewable resources preferred?
a) Cheap
b) Release little greenhouse gases
c) Are freely available
d) Profitable
View Answer
Explanation: Renewable resources of energy are preferred because they release very little greenhouse gases. The shift towards renewable resources is due to two main reasons – depletion of fossil fuels and rise of the earth’s temperature due to greenhouse gases.
12. Why is ocean thermal energy conversion a renewable resource?
a) Because ocean water is available in plenty
b) Because of sun’s heat
c) Because the temperature gradient lasts for a short period of time
d) Because the upwelling of cold water from the deep ocean is replaced by downwelling of surface waters
View Answer
Explanation: Ocean thermal energy conversion is a renewable resource because the temperature gradient is continuously restored. This occurs because the upwelling of cold water from the deep ocean is replaced by downwelling of surface waters.
13. Which of the following is not a renewable source of energy?
a) Fossil fuels
b) Biomass
c) Sun
d) Wind
View Answer
Explanation: Fossil fuels are not a renewable source of energy because they take millions of years to form. Sun, biomass, and wind are renewable sources because they are virtually infinite.
14. Which of the following is a reason for storing wind energy?
a) Wind is a renewable resource
b) Wind power generation is not correlated to the demand cycle
c) Wind power is guaranteed to be available during peak demands
d) Wind power generation is correlated to the demand cycle
View Answer
Explanation: Most of the electricity produced from the plants is consumed immediately. Moreover, wind power generation is not correlated to the demand cycle. It is also not guaranteed to be available during peak demands. Thus, wind power storage is necessary.
15. Despite significant investments in the renewable sector, why are fossil fuels still used?
a) Because people do not trust the renewable sector
b) Because global warming is a hoax
c) Because fossil fuels are cheap
d) Because of logistic, structural, and operational issues
View Answer
Explanation: Despite significant investments in the renewable energy sector, fossil fuels still dominate and supply 80% of the world’s energy. This is mainly because of logistic, structural, and operational issues. For instance, it is a financial challenge to replace the existing machinery.
16. Which of the following is true about most renewable energy sources?
a) universally available
b) highly efficient
c) location-specific
d) polluting
View Answer
Explanation: One of the major limitations of renewable sources is that they are location specific. States without rivers can’t have hydropower dams, and states with wind speed less than 23km/hr at 50 m height can’t have wind energy plants. Renewable energy sources are not universally available due to their location specificness. They have low efficiency due to their dilute nature. Most of the Renewable energy sources do not require any fuel and hence cause minimum to low pollution.
17. What is the nature of the availability of renewable energy sources?
a) regular
b) uncertain
c) high
d) constant
View Answer
Explanation: Renewable energy sources i.e. wind energy, solar energy, wave energy, tidal energy, etc are intermittent in nature. Most of them are non-dispatchable due to their variable nature.
18. Which renewable energy source is typically used for large-scale electricity generation through turbines?
a) Wind energy
b) Biomass energy
c) Geothermal energy
d) Solar energy
View Answer
Explanation: Wind energy is commonly used for large-scale electricity generation through wind turbines, which convert the kinetic energy of wind into electrical power.
19. Which of these is the major contributor to world pollution?
a) Non-Commercial Resources
b) Nuclear Energy
c) Commercial resources
d) Renewable Resources
View Answer
Explanation: Commercial resources are the major contributor to world pollution. Resources like Coal, Coke, Gasoline, etc which are used commercially produce a large chunk of total CO2 produced on earth. To combat this problem and for sustainable development, renewable sources should replace these forms of energy.
20. Which of the following statement is true about conventional energy sources?
a) Coal is the most used conventional energy source in the world
b) There are sufficient reserves of Coal, Petroleum and Natural gas for the next 300 years
c) They cause minimum pollution
d) They are available in limited quantity
View Answer
Explanation: Conventional energy sources like Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas, etc, are major causes of pollution and ozone layer depletion. There are limited reserves of conventional energy sources, which are bound to be finished. At the current rate of consumption, the approximate lifetime of the world’s petroleum, natural gas, and coal reserves are 50 years, 52.8 years, and 153 years, respectively. Oil is the most used energy source in the world. At present 31 percent of the world energy needs are fulfilled by Oil.
21. Which of the following statements is not true about Renewable Energy?
a) They do not cause pollution
b) They have a low gestation period
c) They cause ecological imbalance
d) Their transportation is difficult
View Answer
Explanation: Non Renewable energy sources such as fossil fuels cause emission of greenhouse gases which disturb the ecological balance. Renewable energy sources, on the other hand, do not cause ecological imbalance.
22. What do renewable energy plants require compared to traditional generators?
a) more fuel
b) higher operating cost
c) more uranium
d) less maintenance
View Answer
Explanation: Renewable energy plants require very little maintenance after installation. They require very fewer operating costs as compared to traditional fossil fuel generators. They need negligible amount of fuel for operation. They do not employ uranium.
23. How does acid rain affect the environment?
a) By precipitating clean and fresh rainwater only in freshwater bodies
b) By precipitating clean and fresh rainwater in all water bodies at once
c) By consuming all polluted water and precipitate clean water from water cycle
d) By precipitating acidic rainwater
View Answer
Explanation: Acid rain is basically rainwater which is acidic. It is caused by dissolution of harmful gases like sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide in clouds during precipitation thereby polluting the clean rainwater.
24. Which renewable energy source uses the Earth’s internal heat?
a) Geothermal
b) Biomass
c) Solar
d) Tidal
View Answer
Explanation: Geothermal energy utilizes heat from the Earth’s core to generate electricity or provide direct heating.
25. Which of the following is considered a renewable energy source?
a) Coal
b) Natural gas
c) Solar energy
d) Nuclear power
View Answer
Explanation: Solar energy is derived from the Sun, making it a renewable energy source. Natural gas, nuclear power, and coal are non-renewable because they rely on finite resources.
26. What is the major advantage of renewable energy?
a) Rapid depletion of resources
b) High greenhouse gas emissions
c) Long-term sustainability
d) Limited availability
View Answer
Explanation: Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, are sustainable as they are naturally replenished and have minimal environmental impact.
27. What is the primary component of biogas?
a) Oxygen
b) Methane
c) Hydrogen
d) Carbon dioxide
View Answer
Explanation: Biogas primarily consists of methane (CH₄), typically between 50-70%. It is produced by the anaerobic digestion of organic matter.
28. What is the most common use of geothermal energy?
a) Generating electricity
b) Heating homes
c) Powering vehicles
d) Producing biofuels
View Answer
Explanation: Geothermal energy is most commonly used to generate electricity by harnessing the heat from deep within the Earth. It can also be used for heating homes in certain regions.
29. Which country is the largest producer of wind energy?
a) India
b) United States
c) China
d) Germany
View Answer
Explanation: China is the largest producer of wind energy, with significant investments in wind turbine installations and renewable energy infrastructure.
30. Which renewable energy source relies on the heat from Earth’s interior to generate energy?
a) Solar
b) Geothermal
c) Biomass
d) Tidal
View Answer
Explanation: Geothermal energy relies on heat from the Earth’s interior to generate electricity or provide direct heating.
31. What happens to earth when incoming energy is less than the outgoing energy?
a) Earth’s temperature increases
b) Entire planet freezes
c) Earth’s temperature is not affected
d) Earth’s temperature decreases
View Answer
Explanation: When the incoming energy is lesser than the outgoing energy, the earth’s temperature decreases. This results in global cooling. If the difference is large and average global temperature decreases even by 1 degree Celsius, the entire planet may be covered with snow.
32. Which of the following types of clouds has the highest albedo?
a) Stratocumulus
b) Cirrocumulus
c) Cirrus
d) Altocumulus
View Answer
Explanation: Thick clouds such as stratocumulus reflect a large amount of incoming solar radiation. Hence, they have a high albedo. Thin clouds like cirrus tend to transmit most solar radiation and hence have low albedo.
33. What is the principle behind tidal energy generation?
a) Gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun
b) Photosynthesis in marine plants
c) Temperature differences in seawater
d) Wind currents over oceans
View Answer
Explanation: Tidal energy is generated by the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun on Earth’s oceans, causing tides.
34. Which renewable energy source relies on the movement of water?
a) Biomass
b) Geothermal energy
c) Solar energy
d) Hydropower
View Answer
Explanation: Hydropower generates electricity by harnessing the kinetic energy of flowing or falling water, such as rivers or waterfalls.
35. Which renewable energy source relies on photovoltaic cells?
a) Wind
b) Solar
c) Geothermal
d) Biomass
View Answer
Explanation: Solar energy relies on photovoltaic cells to convert sunlight directly into electricity.
36. What is a disadvantage of solar energy?
a) Emits greenhouse gases
b) Causes noise pollution
c) Depletes natural resources
d) Limited availability of sunlight in certain areas
View Answer
Explanation: Solar energy depends on sunlight, making it less effective in areas with limited sunlight or during nighttime. It does not emit greenhouse gases or deplete resources.
37. Hydropower plants convert what type of energy into electricity?
a) Solar energy
b) Kinetic and potential energy of water
c) Chemical energy
d) Wind energy
View Answer
Explanation: Hydropower plants convert the kinetic and potential energy of moving or falling water into electricity using turbines and generators.
38. What is the primary source of energy in a biomass power plant?
a) Fossil fuels
b) Organic materials
c) Nuclear reactions
d) Tidal forces
View Answer
Explanation: Biomass power plants use organic materials such as wood, agricultural residues, and animal waste as fuel for energy generation.
39. Which of the following is one of the major problems caused by a geothermal plant to land?
a) Noble gas emissions
b) Land subsidence
c) Land fertilisation
d) Reservoir cleansing
View Answer
Explanation: Land subsidence is one of the major problems caused by a geothermal plant to land. It is basically the sinking of land surface due to various activities in the plant and reservoir. Geothermal plants neither fertilise the land nor emit noble gases.
40. What is “3E”?
a) Energy, economy and environment
b) Ergonomics, evolution and economy
c) Energy, economy and envision
d) Reduce, reuse and recycle
View Answer
Explanation: “3E” is a nomenclature used for energy, economy and environment. It describes the interrelation between them. “3Rs” are used for reduce, reuse and recycle.
41. Which of the following best describes world energy consumption?
a) Total energy produced and used by humanity
b) Total energy consumed by humanity
c) Total energy consumed by humans in the biological pyramid
d) Total energy produced by humans in the biological pyramid
View Answer
Explanation: World energy consumption is the total energy produced and used by humanity. It includes all energy harnessed from every source.
42. How can energy consumption in industrial sector be reduced?
a) By cascading and process control
b) By wasting heat
c) By not recycling
d) By using old and outdated technology
View Answer
Explanation: Energy consumption in industrial sector can be reduced by cascading, improvement in process and process control. Recycling and updating technology also contributes towards reduction in energy consumption.
43. Which renewable energy source converts sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic cells?
a) Geothermal energy
b) Biomass
c) Wind energy
d) Solar energy
View Answer
Explanation: Solar energy is derived from sunlight and is converted into electricity using photovoltaic cells.
44. Which renewable energy source uses organic materials like wood or agricultural waste?
a) Biomass energy
b) Geothermal energy
c) Tidal energy
d) Wind energy
View Answer
Explanation: Biomass energy is derived from organic materials such as wood, agricultural waste, and other biological materials that can be burned or processed for energy.
Chapterwise Multiple Choice Questions on Renewable Energy
- Fundamentals of Energy
- Basics of Solar Energy
- Solar Thermal System
- Wind Energy
- Biomass Energy
- Geothermal Energy
- Ocean Energy
- Emerging Technologies
1. Fundamentals of Energy
The section contains multiple choice questions and answers on energy resources classification, conventional energy sources advantages and disadvantages, non-conventional energy sources basics and salient features, energy environmental aspects, world energy status and also energy scenario in india.
2. Basics of Solar Energy
The section contains questions and answers on sun and earth radiation spectrums, extraterrestrial and terrestrial radiations, solar radiation depletion and measurements, solar time, solar radiation geometry, solar day length, empirical equations, diffuse and beam radiations on horizontal surface.
3. Solar Thermal System
The section contains MCQs on solar collectors, solar water heater, solar passive space, solar refrigeration, air conditioning systems, solar cookers, solar furnaces and dryer, solar distillation and solar thermo mechanical systems.
4. Wind Energy
The section contains multiple choice questions and answers on winds origin and nature, wind turbine siting, wind power applications, wind turbine aerodynamics, types and construction, wind energy conversion systems, wind speed effects, grid condition and wind energy storage.
5. Biomass Energy
The section contains questions and answers on solar radiation, photosynthesis process, biomass usable forms, composition and fuel properties, biomass resources and conversion technologies, biomass gasification and biogas production.
6. Geothermal Energy
The section contains MCQs on geothermal energy applications, origin and distribution, geothermal resources types and environmental consideration.
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7. Ocean Energy
The section contains multiple choice questions and answers on tidal and ocean thermal energy.
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8. Emerging Technologies
The section contains questions and answers on hydrogen energy.
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Wish you the best in your endeavor to learn and master Renewable Energy!
