This set of Energy and Environment Management written test Questions & Answers focuses on “Convention on Biological Diversity, India as a Mega Diversity Nation”.
1. How many main goals are there in the Convention on Biological Diversity?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
View Answer
Explanation: The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has three main goals including the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources.
2. In which year the Convention on Biological Diversity signed?
a) 1990
b) 1991
c) 1992
d) 1993
View Answer
Explanation: The Convention on Biological Diversity signed on 5 June 1992. It was signed in Rio de Janeiro. As of now there are 196 parties and 168 signatories are there. Secretary General of the United Nations is the depositary.
3. Where did the 10th Conference of Parties (COP) which happened to the Convention on Biological Diversity take place?
a) India
b) China
c) Russia
d) Japan
View Answer
Explanation: Though the Convention on Biodiversity signed in 1992, it entered into force on 29 December 1993. In 2010, the 10th Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in October in Nagoya, Japan.
4. Which one of the following where the Convention on Biological Diversity dealt with?
a) Sharing the results of research of genetic resource with the Contracting party
b) Sharing the results of research of genetic resource with the enemy nation
c) Sharing the results of research of genetic resource with who offer high price
d) Never share the results of research of genetic resource
View Answer
Explanation: The Convention on Biological Diversity dealt with the issue of sharing the results of research and development from the commercial of genetic resources with the Contracting Party providing such resources.
5. When did the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety adopted?
a) January 2000
b) March 2000
c) September 2000
d) December 2000
View Answer
Explanation: The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety which is also known as the Biosafety Protocol was adopted in January 2000. The Biosafety Protocol clearly said that products from new technologies must be based on the precautionary principle.
6. The first ordinary meeting of the parties of Convention on Biological Diversity took place in the year 1994. (COP).
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The first ordinary meeting of the parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity took place in the months of November and December 1994, in Nassau, Bahamas. It is known as 1994 Conference of the parties (COP).
7. When did the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resource adopted?
a) 19 June 2010
b) 23 July 2010
c) 29 0ctober 2010
d) 31 December 2010
View Answer
Explanation: The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources adopted on 29 October 2010 in Nagoya, Japan. It entered into force on 12 October2014. Its objective is the equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources.
8. Which event provided conditions for high levels of biological diversity in India?
a) Biological events in the atmosphere
b) Geological events in the rivers
c) Biological events in the rivers
d) Geological events in the landmass
View Answer
Explanation: Geological events in the landmass have provided conditions for high levels of biological diversity in India. A split in the single continent around 70 million years ago led to the formation of northern and southern continents, with India as part of Gondwanaland along with other continents.
9. How can we say India as one of the bio-rich nations?
a) Because of its great variety of plants and animals
b) Because of its low variety of planets and animals
c) Because of the more population of humans
d) Because of more pollution
View Answer
Explanation: India is one of the top countries in the bio-richness. This is because for its great variety of plants and animals. Many of the plants and animals are not found elsewhere. It is estimated that the number of unknown species found in India could be several times higher.
10. Into how many terms Whittaker described for measuring biodiversity over spatial scales?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
View Answer
Explanation: In 1972, Whittaker described three terms for measuring biodiversity over spatial scales. The three terms are alpha, beta, and gamma diversity. Alpha diversity refers to the diversity within a particular area.
11. Who introduced the term hotspot of diversity?
a) Darwin
b) McLean
c) Mike Housie
d) Myers
View Answer
Explanation: In the year 1988, Myers introduced the term hotspot of biodiversity. Hotspots of biodiversity are areas which exhibit high species richness as well as high species endemism. To qualify as a hotspot a region must contain at least 1500 species of vascular plants and it should lost at least 70 percent of its original habitat.
12. How many mega diverse countries are there in the world?
a) 11
b) 17
c) 25
d) 34
View Answer
Explanation: In 1998, Conservation International identified 17 mega diverse countries. The term mega diverse country refers to any one of the group of nations that contains the majority of Earth’s species and high number of endemic species.
13. India is one of the mega diverse countries among 17 nations.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: India is one of the mega diverse countries. India contains majority of Earth’s species and high numbers of endemic species. India has the great variety of ecological conditions prevailing. India vast diversity helps it to become a mega diverse nation.
14. How many percent of the world’s species found in India?
a) Around 7.8%
b) Around 10.5%
c) Around 12.4%
d) Around 15.7%
View Answer
Explanation: Biodiversity is not distributed evenly across the globe. India is one of country where biodiversity is not distributed evenly. India is a mega diverse country has only 2.4% of the land area of the worlds, but accounts around 7.8% of the species of the world.
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