# Ordinary Differential Equations Questions and Answers – Geometrical Applications

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This set of Ordinary Differential Equations Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Geometrical Applications”.

1. Who invented the rectangular coordinate system?
a) Frans van Schooten
b) René Descartes
c) Isaac Newton
d) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

Explanation: The rectangular coordinate system was invented by French mathematician and philosopher René Descartes, who published this idea in 1637.

2. What is the formula for the intercept of tangent line on x-axis?
a) $$x-\frac{y}{y’}$$
b) $$y-\frac{x}{y’}$$
c) y – xy’
d) y – x’y

Explanation: Intercept of a tangent line on the:
x-axis: $$x-\frac{y}{y’}$$
y-axis: y – xy’

3. The intercept of a normal line on y axis is given by, $$y+\frac{x}{y’}.$$
a) True
b) False

Explanation: Intercept of a normal line on the:
x-axis: x + yy’
y-axis: $$y+\frac{x}{y’}$$

4. What is the time taken by the particle to cover a distance of 98 meters, if the particle is moving with a velocity given by, $$\frac{dx}{dt}= \frac{1}{x}$$ (x is the distance)?
a) 48 s
b) 50 s
c) 98 s
d) 49 s

Explanation: Given: $$\frac{dx}{dt}= \frac{1}{x}$$
dt=xdx
Integrating, $$∫dt=∫_0^{98}xdx$$
$$t= (\frac{x^2}{2})_0^{98}=\frac{98}{2}=49 s$$

5. Which of the following relations hold true?
a) i × i = j × j = k × k = 1
b) i × j = -k, j × i = k
c) i × i = j × j = k × k = 0
d) k × i = -j, i × k = j

Explanation: One of the properties of vector or cross product is, for the orthogonal vectors, i, j, and k, we have the relation,
i × i = j × j = k × k = 0,
i × j = k, j × i = -k,
j × k = i, k × j = -i,
k × i = j, i × k = -j

6. In recurrence relation, each further term of a sequence or array is defined as a function of its succeeding terms.
a) True
b) False

Explanation: An equation that gives a sequence such that each next term of the sequence or array is defined as a function of its preceding terms, is called a recurrence relation.

7. What is the maximum area of the rectangle with perimeter 650 mm?
a) 26,406.25 mm2
b) 26,406 mm2
c) 24,000 mm2
d) 24,075 mm2

Explanation: Let x be the length of the rectangle and y be the width of the rectangle. Then, Area A is,
A=x*y …………………………………………………. (1)
Given: Perimeter of the rectangle is 620 mm. Therefore,
P=2(x+y)
650=2(x+y)
x+y=325
y=325-x
We can now substitute the value of y in (1)
A=x*(325-x)
A=325x-x2
To find maximum value we need derivative of A,
$$\frac{dA}{dx}=325-2x$$
To find maximum value, $$\frac{dA}{dx}=0$$
325-2x=0
2x=325
x=162.5 mm
Therefore, when the value of x=162.5 mm and the value of y=325-162.5=162.5 mm, the area of the rectangle is maximum, i.e., A=162.5*162.5=26,406.25 mm2

8. What is the derivative of z=3x*logx+5x6 with respect to x?
a) 3+30x5 ex
b) 3+5x6 ex+30x5 ex
c) 3+5x6 ex
d) 3+3logx+30x5 ex

Explanation: Given: z = 3x*logx+5x6 ex
$$\frac{dz}{dx}=3x(\frac{1}{x})$$+3logx+30x5 ex
$$\frac{dz}{dx}$$ = 3+3logx+30x5 ex

9. A sphere with the dimensions is shown in the figure. What is the error that can be incorporated in the radius such that the volume will not change more than 10%?

a) 0.3183%
b) 0.03183%
c) 31.83%
d)3.183%

Explanation: We know that volume of the sphere is,
$$V = \frac{4}{3} πR^3$$
Differentiating the above equation with respect to R we get,
$$\frac{dV}{dR}= \frac{4}{3} π×3R^2=4πR^2$$
Since the volume of the sphere should not exceed more than 10%,
$$dR=\frac{dV}{4πR^2}=\frac{0.1}{4π(5)^2}=0.0003183$$

10. What is the degree of the differential equation, x3-6x3y3+2xy=0?
a) 3
b) 5
c) 6
d) 8