This set of Microbiology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Utilization of Energy in Biosynthetic Processes”.
1. The biosynthesis of proline takes place from ____________
a) aspartic acid
b) glutamic acid
c) pyruvic acid
d) alpha-keto glutaric acid
View Answer
Explanation: The biosynthesis of proline takes place from glutamic acid in which the initial step utilizes metabolic energy in the form of ATP.
2. Which of the following acts as a precursor for the activation of peptidoglycan?
a) TP
b) UDP
c) NADPH
d) GTP
View Answer
Explanation: Sugars such as acetylglucosamine are activated by the attachment of a UDP to form a sugar-UDP precursor which is a general method involved in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan.
3. Bactoprenol is a ___________
a) membrane phospholipid
b) amino acid carrier
c) fatty acid
d) enzyme
View Answer
Explanation: Bactoprenol is a membrane phospholipid to which the AMA-UDP precursor is coupled during the synthesis of peptidoglycan.
4. Electrons entering the respiratory chain of chemoautotrophic bacteria enter the chain at higher potential.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Electrons entering the respiratory chain from the oxidation of inorganic substrates by chemoautotrophic bacteria usually enter the chain at a higher point than those electrons from the oxidation of organic substrates by chemoheterotrophs. Thus chemoautotrophs are at a considerable energetic disadvantage for this reason.
5. ATP dependent NADPH2 production is a process found in ______________
a) Nitrosomonas
b) Nitrobacter
c) Rhizobium
d) E.coli
View Answer
Explanation: Nitrobacter is a chemiautotrophic bacteria that follows the process of ATP-dependent-NADPH2 production for the production of NADPH2 to be used with ATP for carbon dioxide fixation.
6. Each turn of Calvin cycle results in the fixation of ________ molecule of carbon dioxide.
a) one
b) two
c) four
d) six
View Answer
Explanation: Each turn of the Calvin cycle results in the fixation of one molecule of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is fixed in a reaction with the acceptor molecule ribulose diphosphate.
7. The peptidoglycan layer of Staphylococcus aureus consists of a bridge between muramic acid peptides which is composed of?
a) alanine
b) lysine
c) proline
d) gycine
View Answer
Explanation: In Staphylococcus aureus a bridge composed of five glycine molecules can link two muramic acid peptides together.
8. Binding proteins for active transport systems of Gram-negative bacteria are associated with ____________
a) cell membrane
b) cytoplasmic membrane
c) periplasmic space
d) nuclear membrane
View Answer
Explanation: Active-transport of Gram-negative bacteria are associated with binding proteins in the periplasmic space. The binding proteins have very high affinities for specific nutrients, including amino acids, sugars, and inorganic ions.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Microbiology.
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