# Pavement Design Questions and Answers – Highway Maintenance – Ride Quality – 2

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This set of Pavement Design Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Highway Maintenance – Ride Quality – 2”.

1. A rough pavement gives rise to ______ which causes discomfort to the passengers and the vehicle operators.
a) Vibration
c) Skidding
d) Skid resistance

Explanation: When the surface of the pavement is rough, the impact of dynamic loading on the same is very high. The undulations tend to increase the vibration inside the vehicle that leads to the discomfort of the passengers and the operators.

2. Who developed the IRI method of evaluating the ride quality of a pavement?
a) AASHTO
b) NCHRP
c) World Bank
d) FHWA

Explanation: The method to find the roughness of the pavement was initiated by the United States National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP). Later the IRI was developed by the World Bank in the 1980s.

3. IRI is calculated by simulating the response of the golden car to the road profile.
a) True
b) False

Explanation: Golden car is a car whose suspension properties are known. The speed of the car during simulation is taken as 80 km/h. The properties of the car and the ride response of other vehicles are correlated to obtain slope statistics.
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4. Which of the below is an example of the acceleration-based systems under RTRRMS?
a) Roughometer
b) ROMDAS
c) TotalPave

Explanation: Roughometer is the device that is based on acceleration. ROMDAS is an example for the bump integrator. TotalPave and RoadBump are examples for the cell phone-based systems. The ARRB roughometer was used in Australia.

5. What is the equation used to find the PSI for flexible pavements?
a) PSI=5.03-1.91 log⁡(1+SV)-1.38(RD)3-0.01$$\sqrt{C+P}$$
b) PSI=5.41-1.91 log⁡(1+SV)-1.38(RD)2-0.01$$\sqrt{C+P}$$
c) PSI=5.03-1.91 log⁡(1+SV)-1.38(RD)2-0.01$$\sqrt{C+P}$$
d) PSI=5.41-1.91 log⁡(1+SV)-1.38(RD)3-0.01$$\sqrt{C+P}$$

Explanation: The equation to compute the PSI for flexible pavements is given by PSI=5.03-1.91 log⁡(1+SV)-1.38(RD)2-0.01$$\sqrt{C+P}$$ . In the equation, SV stands for slope variance, RD is the rut depth, C represents the cracking and P represents the patched area.

6. What must be the IRI value for the pavement to be under the roughness category of being good?
a) ≤170
b) ≥170
c) ≤95
d) ≥95

Explanation: There are three roughness categories of the pavement based on IRI value. The good category must have an IRI value ≤95. The acceptable category has an IRI value ≤170 and the unacceptable category has an IRI value ≥170.

7. PCI is another scale used to indicate the roughness of the pavement.
a) True
b) False

Explanation: PCI stands for pavement condition index and was developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers. It is based on the visual survey of the pavement condition. It consists of a scale from 0 (worst) to 100 (best) to indicate the general pavement condition.

8. What is the equation used to find the PSI in rigid pavements?
a) PSI=5.03-0.80 log⁡(1+SV)-0.09$$\sqrt{C+P}$$
b) PSI=5.41-0.80 log⁡(1+SV)-0.09$$\sqrt{C+P}$$
c) PSI=5.03-1.80 log⁡(1+SV)-0.09$$\sqrt{C+P}$$
d) PSI=5.41-1.80 log⁡(1+SV)-0.09$$\sqrt{C+P}$$

Explanation: PSI=5.41-1.80 log⁡(1+SV)-0.09$$\sqrt{C+P}$$ is the right equation used to find the Psi value for rigid pavements. The terms in the equation are the same as that used in the equation for flexible pavements. SV stands for slope variance; C is cracking and P is patched area. There is no rutting in rigid pavements.

9. What does IRQP stand for?
a) Improving Ride Quality Programme
b) Improving Ride Quality Product
c) Improved Riding Quality Product
d) Improved Riding Quality Programme

Explanation: IRQP stands for improving ride quality programme. It is an initiative taken by The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, India for the rehabilitation of the existing pavements. The IRQP focuses on improving the ride quality in accordance with the guidelines laid by MORTH.

10. In 1975, Yoder and Witzak developed the equation for PSI considering only the ______
a) Rut depth
b) Slope variance
c) Crack length
d) Area affected

Explanation: The PSI equations for both flexible and rigid pavement were developed by Yoder and Witzak in 1975. They correlated the PSI value with the slope variance parameter only. It is measured using roughometer and is a measure of the pavement roughness.

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