This set of Engineering Materials & Metallurgy Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Alloy Steels”.
1. What kind of steel requires definite amounts of other alloying elements?
a) Carbon steel
b) Alloying steel
c) Stainless steel
d) Tool steel
View Answer
Explanation: Alloy steels are those steels which require a specific amount of the elements making up its composition. Alloy steels consist of manganese, silicon, and copper as primary elements whose quantities are equal to or more than 1.65%, 0.60%, and 0.60% respectively.
2. Which of these is not a function of alloy steels?
a) Increases strength
b) Improves ductility
c) Reduces cost
d) Improves machinability
View Answer
Explanation: Alloy steels are used to improve properties such as strength, hardness, ductility, grain structure, and machinability, among others. This, however, results in increased costs due to multiple elements involved in the process.
3. Steels containing up to 3% to 4% of one or more alloying elements are known as ________
a) Low alloy steels
b) HSLA steels
c) High alloy steels
d) Stainless steels
View Answer
Explanation: Low alloy steels consist of 3% to 4% of alloying elements making up its composition. They have similar microstructure and heat treatments as plain carbon steels. HSLA and AISI steels are the types of low alloy steels.
4. What does AISI steel stand for?
a) American-Indian Steel Institute
b) American-Indian Society of Iron
c) American Iron and Steel Institute
d) Alloys, Iron and Steel Institute
View Answer
Explanation: American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) is an association, established in America, which produces steel. AISI steels are used in machine construction. They are otherwise known as construction steels or structural steels.
5. Which of these is not an application of HSLA steels?
a) Bridges
b) Automobiles and trains
c) Building columns
d) Leaf and coil springs
View Answer
Explanation: HSLA steels are known as high-strength-low-alloy steels. These high strength steels are primarily used as structural materials or construction alloys. They are used to reduce weight on bridges, automobiles, pressure vessels, building columns, etc.
6. Steels containing more than 5% of one or more alloying elements are known as ________
a) HSLA steels
b) High alloy steels
c) Tool and die steels
d) Stainless steels
View Answer
Explanation: High alloy steels are composed of more than 5% of alloying elements. They have different microstructure and heat treatments than those of plain carbon steels. Tool and die, and stainless steels are the types of high alloy steels.
7. Which of the following groups of alloying elements stabilize austenite?
a) Ni, Mn, Cu, and Co
b) Cr, W, Mo, V, and Si
c) Cr, W, Ti, Mo, Nb, V, and Mn
d) Co, Al, and Ni
View Answer
Explanation: The alloying elements such as Ni, Mn, Cu, and Co have a tendency to alleviate austenite, whereas Cr, W, Mo, V, and Si tend to stabilize ferrites. Alloying elements such as Cr, W, Ti, Mo, Nb, V, and Mn tend to form carbides. Other elements like Co, Al, and Ni help to weaken carbides and thereby form graphite.
8. Which family of steels are referred to as chromoly?
a) 40xx
b) 41xx
c) 43xx
d) 44xx
View Answer
Explanation: The family of 41xx steel is usually called as chromoly or chrome-moly due to its primary alloying elements, chromium and molybdenum. Steels such as 4130 and 4140 are generally used for bicycle frames, and as parts of firearms, flywheels etc.
9. What is the common name of COR-TEN steel?
a) Weathering steel
b) Control-rolled steel
c) Pearlite-reduced steel
d) Microalloyed steel
View Answer
Explanation: Weathering steels are otherwise also known as COR-TEN or corten steels. These steels produce a corrosion resistance, which makes them ideal for eliminating the need to paint. All choices¸ including corten steels are classifications of HSLA steels.
10. Alloy steels containing 0.05% to 0.15% of alloying elements are called _______
a) Weathering steel
b) Stainless steel
c) Tool and die steel
d) Microalloyed steel
View Answer
Explanation: Microalloyed steels contain alloying elements in small quantities (0.05% to 0.15%). These elements include niobium, vanadium, titanium, molybdenum, rare earth metals, among others. They are used to refine the microstructure of the grain or for precipitate hardening process.
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