Android Fragment Example

This Android Program lets you create an Activity using Fragments.

Here is source code of the Program to create an Activity using Fragments. The program is successfully compiled and run on a Windows system using Eclipse Ide. The program output is also shown below.

A Fragments is an independent component which can be connected to an activity. A Fragment typically defines a part of a user interface but it is possible to define headless Fragments, i.e. without user interface.

Fragments can be dynamically or statically added to a layout. A Fragment encapsulate functionality so that it is easier to reuse within activity and layouts.

A Fragment component runs in the context of an activity but it has its own lifecycle and their own user interface.

Main

 
package com.example.create_fragment;
 
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
//creating two fragments in an activity to show the current time in milli secs. 
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements fragment2.Listener {
 
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onItemSelected(String str) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        fragment1 fragment = (fragment1) getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(
                R.id.Fragment1);
        if (fragment != null && fragment.isInLayout()) {
            fragment.setText(str);
        }
    }
 
}

Fragement1

 
package com.example.create_fragment;
 
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
 
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public class fragment1 extends Fragment {
 
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment1, container, false);
        return view;
    }
 
    public void setText(String item) {
        TextView view = (TextView) getView().findViewById(R.id.textView1);
        view.setText(item);
    }
}

Fragement2

 
package com.example.create_fragment;
 
 
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
 
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public class fragment2 extends Fragment {
    private Listener listener;
 
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment2, container, false);
        Button button = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.button1);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                updateDetail();
            }
        });
        return view;
    }
 
    public interface Listener {
        public void onItemSelected(String link);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
        super.onAttach(activity);
        if (activity instanceof Listener) {
            listener = (Listener) activity;
        } else {
            throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString()
                    + " must implemenet fragement2.listener");
        }
    }
 
    public void updateDetail() {
        String newTime = String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis());
        listener.onItemSelected(newTime);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onDetach() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onDetach();
        listener = null;
    }
}

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Xml

Main Xml

 
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:background="@android:color/background_dark" >
 
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/Fragment1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="?android:attr/actionBarSize"
        class="com.example.create_fragment.fragment1" >
    </fragment>
 
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/Fragment2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        class="com.example.create_fragment.fragment2" >
    </fragment>
 
</RelativeLayout>

Fragement1

 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@android:color/darker_gray"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
 
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|center_vertical"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dip"
        android:text="Large Text"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
        android:textSize="30dp" />
 
</LinearLayout>

Fragement2

 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
 
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Press to update" />
 
</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest

 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.create_fragment"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >
 
    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
 
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.example.create_fragment.MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
 
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
 
</manifest>

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