This set of Molecular Endocrinology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Metabolic Role of Androgens”.
1. What is the role of androgens in protein metabolism?
a) Induces protein anabolism
b) Induces protein catabolism
c) Reduces protein anabolism
d) Reduces protein catabolism
View Answer
Explanation: Stimulation of protein anabolism is the dominant general metabolic effect of androgen. There is a reduction in Nitrogen (urea) in the urine without a rise in NPN in the blood. In the quick metabolic state, androgens modify protein balance (both synthesis and breakdown) and there is still a lack of a prevailing molecular mechanism(s) behind this finding.
2. What is the role of androgens in protein synthesis in the male accessory glands?
a) Inhibits protein synthesis
b) Promote protein synthesis
c) Reduces protein synthesis
d) Increases protein breakdown
View Answer
Explanation: Androgens in male accessory glands stimulate protein synthesis. It induces RNA and RNA polymerase in nucleus, and increases ribosomal level amino acyl transferase. Testosterone and Androstenedione are the primary androgens. Of course, they are present in males at much higher levels and play an important role in male characteristics and reproductive activity.
3. What is the role of androgens in carbohydrate metabolism?
a) Increase glucose production
b) Decreases fructose production
c) Increase fructose production
d) Increases lactose production
View Answer
Explanation: Androgens increase the production of fructose by means of seminal vesicles. The seminal plasma uses this sugar by increasing the activity of both aldose reductase and ketoreductase. Androgens promote glucose and energy homeostasis in males by AR activities in the skeletal muscle, liver, pancreatic beta-cells and hypothalamus metabolic centers.
4. The increase in creatine after castration is abolished by the administration of testosterone.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Creatine is virtually absent in normal men’s urine and rises after castration. This rise is suppressed by testosterone administration, leading to increased creatine storage in the muscles. Creatine does not contribute to a measurable rise in testosterone levels, but by transforming testosterone into a more active form, it may exert its effects.
5. Increased muscle tissue oxygen consumption is due to increased NADH cytochrome-C reductase activity.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: There is an increase in body weight, mostly due to an increase in skeletal muscle mass. There is proof that the related rise in consumption of oxygen by the increased activity of NADH cytochrome-C reductase is related to muscle tissue.
6. What is the role of androgens in skeletal growth?
a) Reduces bone growth
b) Increases bone growth
c) Inhibits bone growth
d) Creates stunted growth
View Answer
Explanation: With an increase in bone matrix and skeletal length in the growing organism, a growth spurt is produced by androgens. Until the closure of epiphyseal cartilage, androgens promote the bone growth. The effect of androgens may be relevant because the strength of the bone in males tends to be dictated by relatively higher periosteal bone structure.
7. What is meant by the renotropic action of androgens?
a) Increase in kidney size
b) Decrease in kidney size
c) Decrease in the urinary reabsorption
d) Increase in the urinary reabsorption
View Answer
Explanation: Androgens cause a very selective increase in kidney size and weight (“renotropic” action). This is followed by a reduction in the activity of renal alkaline phosphatase. One of the most evident biological factors that could lead to increased male vulnerability to renal injury are sex steroids.
8. What is the role of androgens in mineral metabolism?
a) Increases excretion of urinary nitrogen
b) Increases excretion of urinary calcium
c) Decreases excretion of urinary calcium
d) Decreases excretion of urinary nitrogen
View Answer
Explanation: The reduced excretion of urinary nitrogen (mainly urea) following androgen administration is characterized by a lower volume of urine. There is also a decrease in the excretion of Na, Cl, K, SO4 and PO4, with no increase in blood plasma concentration.
9. What is the role of androgens in citrate excretion?
a) Reduces the excretion
b) Enhances the excretion
c) Prevents the excretion
d) Reduces reabsorption
View Answer
Explanation: Androgen decreases the excretion of citrates in the urine whereas estrogen has an opposite effect. This is due to increased renal tubular epithelial citrate reabsorption. Development and accumulation of citrate are the prostate gland’s signature physiological functions that are regulated by testosterone and prolactin.
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