This set of Molecular Endocrinology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Female Sex Hormones – Progesterone”.
1. Where is progesterone developed in females?
a) From ruptured graffian follicles
b) From matured graffian follicles
c) From primary follicles
d) From secondary follicles
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Explanation: Progesterone is the corpus luteum hormone, which is the structure that grows from the ruptured graafian follicle in the ovary. It is also produced during the later stage of pregnancy by the placenta, which secretes thus hormone.
2. Which among the following is the correct structure of progesterone?
a)
b)
c)
d)
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Explanation: “Progesterone is known as a “pregnane” derivative and is chemically referred to as “4-pregnane-3, 20-dione”. It is a C21 steroid and at C10 and C13 it has a CH3 group. Progesterone prepares the endometrium for the post-ovulation potential of pregnancy.
3. Which among the following is the intermediate precursor of progesterone synthesis?
a) Testosterone
b) Androstenedione
c) Pregnenolone
d) Cholesterol
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Explanation: Progesterone is formed by cholesterol from acetate. In this process, the immediate precursor is ‘Pregnenolone’. Pregnenolone is a steroid hormone that plays a crucial role, like progesterone, DHEA, and oestrogen, in the development of other steroid hormones.
4. In the biogenesis of adrenocortical hormones, progesterone acts as an intermediate.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Progesterone is an intermediate in the biogenesis of adrenocortical hormones and androgens. It also serves as precursors for estrogens indirectly through androstenedione and testosterone.
5. Progesterone is a precursor of C19 and C21 corticosteroids.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: In the adrenal cortex, progesterone is also produced, as a precursor of both C19 and C21 corticosteroids. It is also produced in the testicles. It is synthesized by the action of the cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme and 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from pregnenolone, a cholesterol derivative.
6. Which hormone is synthesized during the later part of pregnancy?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) FSH
d) LH
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Explanation: Progesterone is released during the last trimester of pregnancy by the placenta, which secretes this hormone. There are also other hormones which are active during pregnancy, including pituitary gonadal hormones.
7. Progesterone resembles which hormone in its mechanism of action?
a) Estrogen
b) FSH
c) LH
d) LTH
View Answer
Explanation: Progesterone resembles estrogen in its mechanism of action. Both of these hormones are primarily produced in the ovary. Estrogen is the hormone that controls the menstrual cycle, while the hormone promoting pregnancy is progesterone.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Molecular Endocrinology.
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