This set of Immunology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Regulation, Interactions and Ubiquinity related to Innate Immunity”.
1. What is the neural circuit that controls the cytokine production in spleen called?
a) Inflammatory reflex
b) Inflammatory circuit
c) Spleen circuit
d) Spleen reflex
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Explanation: It is called Inflammatory reflex. Inflammatory reflex is a prototypical neural circuit which controls cytokine production in the spleen. The sensory and afferent arc is activated by cytokines.
2. Inflammatory reflex mediates the release of _________
a) Acetylcholine bromide
b) Acetylcholine chloride
c) Acetylcholine fluoride
d) Acetylcholine
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Explanation: The potentials are transmitted via vagus nerve to spleen to mediate acetylcholine release. This inturn inhibits the release of cytokine release.
3. Which nerve is involved in inflammatory reflex?
a) Abducens nerve
b) Vagus nerve
c) Splenic nerve
d) Spinal nerve
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Explanation: The vagus nerve (also called as cranial nerve) has a major role in the inflammatory reflex. This helps in controlling the innate immune responses during tissue injury.
4. Acetylcholine inhibits cytokine release by interacting with __________
a) NACHRA7
b) CHRNA7
c) CHRNA7-2
d) FYN
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Explanation: Acetylcholine inhibits the release of cytokine by interacting with alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors or CHRNA7. These receptors are expressed on cytokine-producing cells.
5. What is a cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway?
a) A motor arc inflammatory reflex
b) A splenic arc inflammatory reflex
c) A sensory arc inflammatory reflex
d) An afferent arc inflammatory reflex
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Explanation: Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory pathway is the inflammatory reflex of the motor arc. This pathway helps in regulating the innate immune response.
6. What are the hormones that alter the sensitivity of the immune system called?
a) Immunomodulators
b) Innate modulators
c) Adaptive modulators
d) Neurohormones
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Explanation: Hormones that have the capability to change the sensitivity of the immune system are called Immunomodulators. These play a vital role in immunotherapies.
7. What is Somatotropin?
a) Sex hormone
b) Growth hormone
c) Luteotropic hormone
d) Steroid hormone
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Explanation: Somatotropin is the growth hormone that is capable of regulating the immune responses. This is a peptide hormone and is a type of mitogen.
8. Which of the following vitamins is involved with the T cell encountering a pathogen?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin B
d) Vitamin K
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Explanation: T cells extend a Vitamin D receptor when it encounters a foreign pathogen. It binds to the active form of vitamin D, Calcitriol. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in activating the immune defenses.
9. Can the immune system be disturbed because of sleep deprivation?
a) Yes
b) No
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Explanation: The immune system is affected by sleep deprivation. It is Detrimental to immune functions. The disturbances in the immune responses can lead to an increase in slow-wave sleep.
10. Overnutrition and Undernutrition compromise the immune responses.
a) False
b) True
View Answer
Explanation: Overnutrition causes diseases like obesity which can affect the immune system. Undernutrition can cause lifelong impairment of the immune system.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Immunology.
To practice all areas of Immunology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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