This set of Immunology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Site of Haematopoiesis”.
1. What is haematopoiesis?
a) Production of cells
b) Production of blood components and blood plasma
c) Production if antigens and blood plasma
d) Production of antibodies and blood components
View Answer
Explanation: Haematopoiesis (also spelled as Hematopoiesis) is defined as the production of all of the cellular components of blood and blood plasma. It occurs in the hematopoietic system, which consists of organs such as the bone marrow, liver, and spleen. There is a proper maintenance of the hematopoietic process between vertebrates. It differs from species to species.
2. When does haematopoiesis occurs?
a) During embryonic development
b) During tissue formation
c) During cells formation
d) During adulthood
View Answer
Explanation: Haematopoiesis is defined as the formation of blood cellular components. It occurs during embryonic development and it continues throughout adulthood to produce and reload the blood system with the newly produced blood cells. The process of haematopoiesis helps scientists to understand the different blood disorders and all properties of blood.
3. Blood development in vertebrates involves which two waves?
a) Primitive and Secondary wave
b) Primary and Definitive wave
c) Secondary and Subculturing wave
d) Primitive and Definitive wave
View Answer
Explanation: Blood development in vertebrates takes place in two waves or involves two main mechanisms of haematopoiesis: 1) primitive wave/mechanism and 2) definitive wave/mechanism. This theory was given by Galloway and Zon in 200c) The primitive wave comprises of the conversion of erythroid precursor to erythrocytes and this mechanism takes place during early embryonic development. On the other hand, definitive haematopoiesis occurs in the late developmental stages. It occurs in blood islands and produces progenitors called as erythroid-myeloid progenitors. Definitive haematopoiesis occurs at different time in different species.
4. During the development of organs, which of the following controls the mechanisms of haematopoiesis?
a) Red blood cells
b) Placenta
c) Yolk sac
d) Embryo
View Answer
Explanation: Haematopoiesis, mainly considering the primitive type of haematopoiesis, occurs in the embryo primarily. This results in the production of red blood cells that provide oxygen to the organs which are in their early developmental stages. At this stage of organ development, the yolk sac nourishes the embryo until the placenta is fully developed and further carries out the controlling functions in order to control the mechanisms of haematopoiesis.
5. During embryo development, the process of haematopoiesis moves to which part of vertebrates?
a) Liver
b) Lungs
c) Heart
d) Brain
View Answer
Explanation: During embryo development, the haematopoiesis process further carries forward to the liver, the spleen, and bone marrow. Here, this process starts producing different types of blood cells (which include not only red blood cells but also consist of white blood cell types and platelets). In adults, development of red blood cells and platelets occurs in the bone marrow. In children, it may also occur in the spleen and liver.
6. Which of the following are responsible for the production of white blood cells?
a) Respiratory system
b) Digestive system
c) Lymph system
d) Neural system
View Answer
Explanation: The lymph system includes spleen, lymph nodes and thymus. They produce lymphocytes. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cells that consist of T and B cells. Various other type of tissues in liver, spleen, lymph nodes and some organ produce another type of WBCs called monocytes. White blood cells support the immune system.
7. Unspecialised stem cell transforms to which type of cells?
a) Prohaematopoietic cell
b) Precursor cells
c) RBCs
d) Lymphocytes
View Answer
Explanation: The process of haematopoiesis begins by the production of unspecialized and immature stem cell. This stem cell multiplies and transform into precursor cells. These are cells that are designed to develop into particular type of blood cells that are partially developed. However, these immature cells further divide and mature into blood components, such as red and white blood cells as well as platelets depending on their fates.
8. Each type of blood cell begins as stem cell called as pluripotent haematopoietic stem cell.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Different type of blood cells have different fates depending on the path of haematopoiesis that they follow. However, all of these cells in their initial stages begin their journey as stem cells which are termed as multipotent hematopoietic stem cell. (denoted as HSC). They are termed as multipotent stem cells as they have the capacity to undergo self-renewal and develop into specific cell types. Haematopoiesis begins at the time of embryonic development (specifically in the first few weeks of embryonic development).
9. Decreased red blood cells and haemoglobin are the most common errors that can lead to which of the following illness?
a) Fever and infections
b) Bleeding
c) Anaemia
d) Hyper-viscosity syndrome
View Answer
Explanation: Errors or disorders of blood can be very serious in patients having low immunity. These disorders can cause various symptoms in almost any area of the body. Most commonly, symptoms are caused by a drastic decrease in the levels of blood components. Decreased red blood cells and haemoglobin can cause symptoms of anaemia. Most common symptoms are fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. If there is a decrease in the count of white blood cells, it can cause and lead to on-and-off fever and infections. On the other hand, a decrease in the platelet count can cause abnormal bleeding and bruising.
10. What is the cause of Neutrophilic Leukocytosis?
a) Decrease in neutrophil count
b) Increase in neutrophil count
c) Decrease in platelet count
d) Increase in platelet count
View Answer
Explanation: An increase in neutrophil count can lead to Neutrophilic Leukocytosis. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that help the body to fight against infections and also helps in healing injuries. Neutrophils can increase due to various conditions like infections, injuries, inflammatory disorders, certain drugs and certain leukaemia. The most common cause of an increased number of neutrophils is response of the body to an infection.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Immunology.
To practice all areas of Immunology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
If you find a mistake in question / option / answer, kindly take a screenshot and email to [email protected]
