Cell Biology Exam Questions and Answers

This set of Cell Biology Questions & Answers for Exams focuses on “Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems – Plant Cell Vacuoles”.

1. 90% of the volume of a plant cell is occupied by the vacuole.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Many cells of a plant are occupied by 90% of the vacuole. Most of the cell’s sugars, proteins and other biomolecules are stored temporarily in the vacuole.

2. In plant cells, by-products of the metabolic pathways are stored in _____________
a) vacuole
b) mitochondrion
c) chloroplast
d) nucleus
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Vacuoles store many toxic compounds of the cell including by-products of metabolic pathways. Unlike animal cells, plant cells isolate the toxic by-products (by storing them in the vacuole) from the rest of the cell rather than discharging them.

3. Which of the following is a toxic by-product stored in the plant cell vacuole that is clinical importance?
a) oxytocin
b) sialic acid
c) digitalis
d) tonoplast
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Digitalis is a toxic by-product stored in the plant cell vacuole, used to treat congestive heart failure and heart rhythm problems.

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4. Tonoplast is a ___________
a) membrane
b) toxic compound
c) sphingolipid
d) glycoprotein
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Tonoplast is the membrane that bounds the vacuole. It contains many active transport system that pumps ions into the vacuole.

5. Water enters the vacuole by ____________
a) reverse osmosis
b) osmosis
c) active diffusion
d) passive diffusion
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Due to high concentration of ions in the vacuole, water enters by osmosis. Hydrostatic pressure exerted by the vacuole provides mechanical strength to the plant cell.

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6. Plant vacuoles are also sites of intracellular digestion.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Similar to lysosomes present in the animal cells, plant cells contain vacuoles for intracellular digestion. Plant vacuoles have many of the same acid hydrolases as present in the lysosomes.

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