This set of Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Relations and Functions”. These MCQs are created based on the latest CBSE syllabus and the NCERT curriculum, offering valuable assistance for exam preparation.
1. Which of these is not a type of relation?
a) Reflexive
b) Surjective
c) Symmetric
d) Transitive
View Answer
Explanation: Surjective is not a type of relation. It is a type of function. Reflexive, Symmetric and Transitive are type of relations.
2. An Equivalence relation is always symmetric.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The given statement is true. A relation R in a set A is said to be an equivalence relation if R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive. Hence, an equivalence relation is always symmetric.
3. Which of the following relations is symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive for a set A = {1, 2, 3}.
a) R = {(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4)}
b) R = {(1, 2), (2, 1)}
c) R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)}
d) R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3)}
View Answer
Explanation: A relation in a set A is said to be symmetric if (a1, a2)∈R implies that (a1, a2)∈R,for every a1, a2∈R.
Hence, for the given set A={1, 2, 3}, R={(1, 2), (2, 1)} is symmetric. It is not reflexive since every element is not related to itself and neither transitive as it does not satisfy the condition that for a given relation R in a set A if (a1, a2)∈R and (a2, a3)∈R implies that (a1, a3)∈ R for every a1, a2, a3∈R.
4. Which of the following relations is transitive but not reflexive for the set S={3, 4, 6}?
a) R = {(3, 4), (4, 6), (3, 6)}
b) R = {(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4)}
c) R = {(3, 3), (4, 4), (6, 6)}
d) R = {(3, 4), (4, 3)}
View Answer
Explanation: For the above given set S = {3, 4, 6}, R = {(3, 4), (4, 6), (3, 6)} is transitive as (3,4)∈R and (4,6) ∈R and (3,6) also belongs to R . It is not a reflexive relation as it does not satisfy the condition (a,a)∈R, for every a∈A for a relation R in the set A.
5. Let R be a relation in the set N given by R={(a,b): a+b=5, b>1}. Which of the following will satisfy the given relation?
a) (2,3) ∈ R
b) (4,2) ∈ R
c) (2,1) ∈ R
d) (5,0) ∈ R
View Answer
Explanation: (2,3) ∈ R as 2+3 = 5, 3>1, thus satisfying the given condition.
(4,2) doesn’t belong to R as 4+2 ≠ 5.
(2,1) doesn’t belong to R as 2+1 ≠ 5.
(5,0) doesn’tbelong to R as 0⊁1
6. Which of the following relations is reflexive but not transitive for the set T = {7, 8, 9}?
a) R = {(7, 7), (8, 8), (9, 9)}
b) R = {(7, 8), (8, 7), (8, 9)}
c) R = {0}
d) R = {(7, 8), (8, 8), (8, 9)}
View Answer
Explanation: The relation R= {(7, 7), (8, 8), (9, 9)} is reflexive as every element is related to itself i.e. (a,a) ∈ R, for every a∈A. and it is not transitive as it does not satisfy the condition that for a relation R in a set A if (a1, a2)∈R and (a2, a3)∈R implies that (a1, a3) ∈ R for every a1, a2, a3 ∈ R.
7. Let I be a set of all lines in a XY plane and R be a relation in I defined as R = {(I1, I2):I1 is parallel to I2}. What is the type of given relation?
a) Reflexive relation
b) Transitive relation
c) Symmetric relation
d) Equivalence relation
View Answer
Explanation: This is an equivalence relation. A relation R is said to be an equivalence relation when it is reflexive, transitive and symmetric.
Reflexive: We know that a line is always parallel to itself. This implies that I1 is parallel to I1 i.e. (I1, I2)∈R. Hence, it is a reflexive relation.
Symmetric: Now if a line I1 || I2 then the line I2 || I1. Therefore, (I1, I2)∈R implies that (I2, I1)∈R. Hence, it is a symmetric relation.
Transitive: If two lines (I1, I3) are parallel to a third line (I2) then they will be parallel to each other i.e. if (I1, I2) ∈R and (I2, I3) ∈R implies that (I1, I3) ∈R.
8. Which of the following relations is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive for the set I = {4, 5}?
a) R = {(4, 4), (5, 4), (5, 5)}
b) R = {(4, 4), (5, 5)}
c) R = {(4, 5), (5, 4)}
d) R = {(4, 5), (5, 4), (4, 4)}
View Answer
Explanation: R= {(4, 5), (5, 4), (4, 4)} is symmetric since (4, 5) and (5, 4) are converse of each other thus satisfying the condition for a symmetric relation and it is transitive as (4, 5)∈R and (5, 4)∈R implies that (4, 4) ∈R. It is not reflexive as every element in the set I is not related to itself.
9. (a,a) ∈ R, for every a ∈ A. This condition is for which of the following relations?
a) Reflexive relation
b) Symmetric relation
c) Equivalence relation
d) Transitive relation
View Answer
Explanation: The above is the condition for a reflexive relation. A relation is said to be reflexive if every element in the set is related to itself.
10. (a1, a2) ∈R implies that (a2, a1) ∈ R, for all a1, a2∈A. This condition is for which of the following relations?
a) Equivalence relation
b) Reflexive relation
c) Symmetric relation
d) Universal relation
View Answer
Explanation: The above is a condition for a symmetric relation.
For example, a relation R on set A = {1,2,3,4} is given by R={(a,b):a+b=3, a>0, b>0}
1+2 = 3, 1>0 and 2>0 which implies (1,2) ∈ R.
Similarly, 2+1 = 3, 2>0 and 1>0 which implies (2,1)∈R. Therefore both (1, 2) and (2, 1) are converse of each other and is a part of the relation. Hence, they are symmetric.
More MCQs on Class 12 Maths Chapter 1:
- Chapter 1 – Relations and Functions MCQ (Set 2)
- Chapter 1 – Relations and Functions MCQ (Set 3)
- Chapter 1 – Relations and Functions MCQ (Set 4)
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