This set of Marine Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Shrimp Aquaculture”.
1. Actively growing shrimp must be fed regularly.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Digestive tract only comprises 2 to 3% of the total body volume of shrimp. Therefore frequent feeding for actively growing shrimps is necessary. Upto 50% of formulized feed has peotein content.
2. Choose the appropriate option.
| 1. Cellular innate immunity | a. antimicrobial peptides |
| 2. Humoral innate immunity | b. nodulation |
| c. encapsulation | |
| d. proteinase inhibitors |
a) a-2, b-1, c-1, d-2
b) a-1, b-1, c-2, d-2
c) a-2, b-2, c-1, d-1
d) a-1, b-2, c-2, d-1
View Answer
Explanation: Shrimps being invertebrate animals have lower immunity than vertebrate animals. Adaptive immune system comprised of lymphocytes and functional antibodies is lacking. Only innate immune system is present to ward off against invaders.
3. Nodule formation refers to _________________ while encapsulation is ___________________
a) microbe clearance and separation, covering multicellular parasites
b) degradation, digestion
c) perforation and degradation, microbe clearance
d) microbe clearance, antibody binding
View Answer
Explanation: Phagocytosis, nodule formation, and encapsulation are mechanisms of cellular innate immunity in shrimps. In nodule formation microbes are cleared from hemocoel by enmeshing them in packed melanized hemocytes while in encapsulation multicellular parasites are covered by thick walls of hemocytes.
4. In invertebrates, antimicrobial peptides are primarily responsible for immunity against pathogens.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) form the part of humoral innate immunity in invertebrates. Less than 200 amino acids long, these are key factors in elimination and degradation in bacteria and fungi.
5. Antimicrobial peptides of shrimp are produced and stored in __________________
a) Nauplii
b) Hemocoel
c) Hemocytes
d) TMV
View Answer
Explanation: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a pathogenic comma-shaped bacterium that causes Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) in post-larval shrimp. The disease causes 100% mortality in no time.
6. Shrimp lacks _______________ system.
a) adaptive immune
b) innate immune
c) digestive
d) nervous
View Answer
Explanation: Similar to other invertebrates and arthropods shrimp lacks an adaptive immune system which is responsible for a tailored immune response against invading pathogens. Innate immune system is present that mounts cellular innate immunity and humoral innate immunity.
7. Select the correct chronological order of growth phase in shrimps.
a) Larvae, postlarvae, nauplii, mysis
b) Nauplii, mysis, postlarvae, zoea
c) Zoea, mysis, nauplii, postlarvae
d) Nauplii, zoea, mysis, postlarvae
View Answer
Explanation: The shrimp grows from nauplii (2 days), zoea (4-5 days), mysis (3-4 days) through postlarvae (10-15 days). It takes about a month to reach the postlarval stage after which the subadults are reared in intensive and extensive tanks.
8. The major component of shrimp feed are____________
a) minerals
b) lipids
c) proteins
d) carbohydrates
View Answer
Explanation: The major component of shrimp feed is proteins, 35-55% of the protein content in shrimp is ingested through feed. High protein content results in accumulation of organic detritus at the pond bottom that deteriorates water quality.
9. Antilipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) have _______________ activity.
a) anesthetic
b) bioremediation
c) anti-parasitic
d) anti-microbial
View Answer
Explanation: In mounting humoral immune response against invaders anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) are synthesized and stored in hemocytes of shrimp. Antilipopolysaccharide factors, crustins, stylicins are the families of AMPs.
10. Lectinare is a ____________________
a) antimicrobial peptide
b) microbial peptidoglycan
c) hemocyte
d) pattern recognition receptor
View Answer
Explanation: Limited number of germline encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are present as part of innate immune system in shrimps. PRRs recognize various molecules present on the surface of bacteria such as β-glucan. Lectinare is a type of PRR present on hemocytes of shrimp.
11. Melanin synthesis is achieved by __________________
a) protein synthesis
b) proPO system
c) lac operon
d) translation
View Answer
Explanation: Melanization is an immune defense component of insects as well as invertebrates. PRRs bind to PAMPs triggering the serine protease cascade of enzymes resulting in active phenol oxidase enzyme.
More MCQs on Shrimp Aquaculture:
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Marine Biotechnology.
To practice all areas of Marine Biotechnology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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