This set of Marine Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Marine Flora and Fauna – Set 4”.
1. __________________ can be used for mass cultivation of marine microalgae.
a) Fermenter
b) Photobioreactor
c) Aquaculture
d) Multi-trophic aquaculture
View Answer
Explanation: Microalgae are photosynthetic organisms i.e. they require light as a source of energy to fix carbon dioxide. Photobioreactors have a potential to be used for the mass cultivation of marine microalgae for large-scale production of useful compounds.
2. ____________________ does not have macroalgae as its member species.
a) Cyanophyta
b) Rhodophyta
c) Chlorophyta
d) Phaeophyceae
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Explanation: Cyanophyta species are cyanobacteria i.e. microalgae which are microscopic, planktonic species. Macroalgae (seaweeds) belong to three taxonomic groups of algae namely Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta, and Phaeophyceae.
3. Seaweeds are benthic.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Seaweeds are benthic i.e. grow by attaching to a substratum. Algae are photosynthetic organisms classified into microalgae – microscopic, planktonic; and macroalgae – macroscopic and benthic.
4. Which is not a hydrocolloid extracted from seaweeds?
a) Lutein
b) Agar
c) Carrageenan
d) Alginate
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Explanation: Lutein is a pigment characteristic of macroalgal species of the phyla Rhodophyta. A wide range of useful products are extracted from seaweeds including thickeners and gelling agents such as alginate, agar, and carrageenan.
5. Kelp (a seaweed) is used in the treatment of __________________
a) goiter
b) diabetes
c) hypertension
d) lymphoma
View Answer
Explanation: Kelp (Laminaria spp.) is a seaweed belonging to brown algae – taxonomic group Phaeophyceae. It contains significant amounts of iodine therefore has been used in the treatment of goiter since a long time.
6. Choose the correct option.
| 1. Red algae | a. diarrhea, gastritis |
| 2. Brown algae | b. astringent, gout treatment |
| 3. Green algae | c. arteriosclerosis, menstrual disorders |
a) 1-b, 2-a, 3-c
b) 1-a, 2-b, 3-c
c) 1-a, 2-c, 3-b
d) 1-c, 2-b, 3-c
View Answer
Explanation: Macroalgae, popularly known as seaweeds are classified into red, green, and brown algae. Each one has its characteristic photosynthetic pigments and bioactive compounds. Coastal communities have long been using various seaweed species for treatment of various ailments.
7. Cytotoxic compounds have been found from marine sponges and corals.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Over half of the toxic cytotoxic compounds discovered from the marine environment are reported to be originated from marine sponges and corals. This makes these organisms a treasure of biochemically active compounds.
8. Soft corals use _____________________ to reduce their palatability.
a) allelopathic chemicals
b) hydrocolloids
c) phycocyanin pigments
d) fucoxanthin pigments
View Answer
Explanation: Soft corals secrete allelopathic chemicals to compete for space, reduce palatability and escape predation, and reduction of fouling by mucus and chemicals. Secondary metabolites such as terpenoids and terpenes are the major allelopathic chemicals.
9. _________________ are the oldest extant metazoans.
a) Marine sponges
b) Stony corals
c) Soft corals
d) Endosymbiotic bacteria
View Answer
Explanation: Marine sponges are the oldest extant metazoan animals with many collected specimens dating back to over 600 million years. Sponges play an important role in the nutrient cycling in pelagic environment.
10. _____________________ is a method of metabolic waste removal in sponges.
a) Secondary metabolite production
b) Secretion of terpenes
c) Phagocytosis
d) Water current
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Explanation: Constant water current is generated throughout the body of a sponge leading to timely metabolic waste removal. Diffusion leads to delivery of oxygen to cells and phagocytosis leads to engulfment of food.
11. Sponges do not have _____________________
a) adaptive immunity
b) innate immunity
c) pigments
d) cells
View Answer
Explanation: Marine sponges are usually sessile filter feeders and do not possess adaptive immunity, innate immunity in a primitive form has however been observed. To prevent infection and predation sponges make use of certain chemicals and bioactive compounds.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Marine Biotechnology.
To practice all areas of Marine Biotechnology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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