This set of Marine Biotechnology Questions and Answers for Campus interviews focuses on “Fish Genetics – Broodstock Development – Set 5”.
1. __________________ is the practice of exclusion of specific pathogens.
a) Vaccination
b) Hypophysation
c) Biosecurity
d) Liming
View Answer
Explanation: Biosecurity is the practice of exclusion of specific pathogens from cultured aquatic stocks, broodstock facilities, hatcheries, farms and from entire nations in order to prevent disease outbreaks.
2. The international movement of live shrimp is done for aquaculture.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The international movement of live shrimp takes place for aquaculture while that of dead shrimp takes place for commodity shrimp for reprocessing and commercial purposes in countries worldwide.
3. Zero water exchange in aquaculture is a step towards _____________________
a) temperature regulation
b) biodiversity conservation
c) pathogen inclusion
d) pathogen exclusion
View Answer
Explanation: Zero water exchange is done to exclude potential water-borne vectors of diseases in aquaculture settings. Other practices with this objective include water treatment and inland farming.
4. _______________ is used when specific pathogen exclusion from the environment is not possible.
a) SPR stocks
b) SPF stocks
c) Pituitary extracts
d) Hormonal injections
View Answer
Explanation: When the exclusion of specific pathogen from the environment is not possible while culturing, specific pathogen resistant (SPR) stocks can be used. These can be obtained from various commercial facilities.
5. __________________ is maintaining a group of aquatic animals under isolation.
a) Biostimulation
b) Bioaugmentation
c) Bioremediation
d) Quarantine
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Explanation: Quarantine is the practice of maintaining a group of aquatic organisms under isolation with no direct or indirect contact with other organisms/ facilities. The process can last for upto 2 years.
6. What is added in waste water treatment of an aquaculture water outlet?
a) Sodium hypochlorite
b) Sodium chloride
c) Ethanol
d) Acetone
View Answer
Explanation: Sodium hypochloride (NaOCl) is used to attain a level of 200 ppm chlorine in the treatment of water outlet from an aquaculture facility. The pH of chlorinated water is brought between 5 and 7.
7. After chlorination of waste-water, _____________ is done to neutralize chlorine before discharge.
a) titration
b) vaporization
c) condensation
d) staining
View Answer
Explanation: To neutralize the chlorine in chlorinated waste water after attain 200 ppm chlorine level, titration with sodium thiosulphate is done. When added at a rate of 1.25 g/L the sodium thiosulphate neutralizes chlorine.
8. ____________________ is the most extensively cultured crustacean in the world.
a) Penaeid shrimp
b) Crab
c) Crayfish
d) Lobster
View Answer
Explanation: Penaeid shrimps are the most important and extensively cultured crustaceans in the world. Huge losses in the shrimp culture have been inflicted due to viral and bacterial diseases world over.
9. ________________ can be used to decrease the load of pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture water.
a) Liming
b) Bleaching
c) Bio-remediation
d) Probiotics
View Answer
Explanation: Use of probiotics is an effective strategy to decrease the pathogenic bacterial load in the water by introduction of harmless microbes that can balance the bacterial population. This is deemed a way of precluding disease outbreaks.
10. Probiotic treatments are particularly desirable during ____________________
a) larval stage
b) adult stage
c) fertilization
d) pond preparation
View Answer
Explanation: Probiotic treatment involves the introduction of beneficial bacteria to outcompete the pathogenic bacteria in the aquaculture systems. Larval stages of fish and shellfish are prone to gastrointestinal and microbiota-associated disorders, necessitating the use of probiotics.
11. Which of the following can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria?
a) Bacitracin
b) Glucans
c) Sodium chloride
d) Gram-negative bacteria
View Answer
Explanation: Bacitracin and polymyxin produced by Bacillus species in the probiotics can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. This is why beneficial bacteria as a consortium are applied to enhance water quality and retard the growth of pathogens.
12. In aquaculture _________________ should be maintained below 0.1 mg/L.
a) Oxygen
b) Salinity
c) Ammonia
d) Sodium chloride
View Answer
Explanation: The total ammonia in aquaculture water should be maintained below 0.1 mg/L since it is extremely toxic for the cultured organisms. Ammonia cannot be completely eliminated from the water; an effective way to maintain it to harmless levels is by using biological filters.
13. Nitrosomonas converts toxic ammonia nitrite.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The species of Nitrosomonas genus are the microbes responsible for conversion of toxic ammonia to nitrite. Two enzymes responsible of the oxidation are ammonia monooxygenase and hydroxylamine oxidoreductase.
14. _________________ bacterial genus converts nitrite to nitrates.
a) Pseudomonas
b) Bacillus
c) Nitrobacter
d) Nitrosomonas
View Answer
Explanation: Species of the Nitrobacter genus converts the nitrites to nitrates. Nitrates should be maintained below 50 mg/L. Unlike ammonia and nitrites, nitrates are not important water quality parameters.
15. Which is an obligate aerobic, oxidizing process?
a) Nitrification
b) Vaccination
c) Immunization
d) Bio-augmentation
View Answer
Explanation: Nitrification is an obligate aerobic, oxidizing process necessitating the presence of oxygen in the environment. The process also produces electrons and the nitrates are converted into a whole range of products.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Marine Biotechnology.
To practice all areas of Marine Biotechnology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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