This set of Marine Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Marine Flora and Fauna – Set 2”.
1. The species Synechococcus is ___________________
a) cyanobacteria
b) fungi
c) diatoms
d) flagellates
View Answer
Explanation: Owing to the advent of DNA technology and flow cytometry it was discovered that the cyanobacteria species Synechococcus is an abundant primary producer. Also called picocyanobacteria, the species is abundant in tropical and sub-tropical regions.
2. Choose the appropriate option.
| 1. HPLC | a. Pigment analysis |
| 2. Flow cytometry | b. cell detection |
| 3. anti-bacterial assays |
a) 1-a, 2-b
b) 1-b, 2-a
c) 1-c, 2-b
d) 1-c, 2-a
View Answer
Explanation: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a technique of pigment analysis of the phytoplankton samples collected from marine environment, and flow cytometry is a cell detection technique.
3. Bacteriochlorophyll-a is associated with _______________
a) proteorhodopsin-containing bacteria
b) aerobic anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria
c) sillicates
d) cilliates
View Answer
Explanation: Bacteriochlorophyll-a is associated with aerobic anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (AAPB) and anaerobic anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (AnAPB). These bacteria were reported in the late 19th century.
4. Primary production in the marine environment is undertaken mainly by diatoms and flagellates.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Primary production in the ocean is conversion of solar energy to chemical energy by autotrophs. Until late 19th century primary production was deemed to undertaken only by the diatoms and flagellates however with advent of technologies it came to be known that a diverse family of primary producers exists.
5. AAPB are phylogenetically derived from AnAPB.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria (AAPB) are derived from the green non-sulphur bacteria, the Anaerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria (AnAPB) in the gamma-proteobacteria lineage.
6. Choose the appropriate option.
| Anoxygenic Phototrophs | Phylogenetic position |
|---|---|
| 1. Purple bacteria | a. Bacteria Chlorobi |
| 2. Green non-sulfur bacteria | b. Bacteria Chloroflexi |
| 3. Green sulfur bacteria | c. Bacteria Proteobacteria |
a) 1-c, 2-b, 3-a
b) 1-a, 2-b, 3-c
c) 1-b, 2-c, 3-a
d) 1-b, 2-a, 3-c
View Answer
Explanation: Anoxygenic phototrophs form a major population of the primary producers in marine environment. Primary producers are those that utilize solar energy to respire and/or to fix carbon dioxide. Diverse anoxygenic phototrophs belong to diverse bacterial phylogeny.
7. ____________________ is the most abundant life-forms in the ocean.
a) Marine viruses
b) Marine worms
c) Haptophytes
d) Green sulfur bacteria
View Answer
Explanation: Marine viruses are found wherever life is found in the oceans, making them the most abundant of all in the marine environment. There are over 1030 in the oceans and the frequency of viral infection is alarmingly high.
8. Choose the appropriate option regarding RNA viruses.
| Genome | Designation |
|---|---|
| 1. single RNA strand same as mRNA | a. Positive RNA virus |
| 2. Single RNA strand complementary to mRNA | b. Negative RNA virus |
| c. Hybrid RNA virus |
a) 1-c, 2-b
b) 1-c, 2-a
c) 1-b, 2-a
d) 1-a, 2-b
View Answer
Explanation: All viruses (including marine viruses) are categorized into DNA and RNA viruses. The sub-categories of RNA viruses are single-, double-stranded, linear, and circular based on the genomic RNA content enveloped in the virion.
9. Choose the correct option regarding dsDNA and ssDNA virus.
| 1. dsDNA virus | a. Microviridae |
| 2. ssDNA virus | b. Parvoviridae |
a) 1-a, 1-b
b) 1-a, 2-b
c) 2-a, 2-b
d) 1-b, 2-a
View Answer
Explanation: dsDNA (double-stranded DNA) viruses are more common in the marine environment than the ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) viruses. Microviridae and parvoviridae are single-stranded DNA viruses of the marine environment.
10. __________________ is a major shrimp pathogen.
a) Bacillus thuringiensis
b) Vibrio harveyii
c) Pichia pastoris
d) Penicillium notatum
View Answer
Explanation: Vibrio harveyii is a major shrimp pathogen causing high mass mortality in shrimps. The pathogen has the potential to transform non-virulent strains of families such as Myoviridae to a virulent one, by transmission of toxic genes.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Marine Biotechnology.
To practice all areas of Marine Biotechnology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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