This set of Marine Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Fish Models in Biomedical Research – Set 2”.
1. The sheepshead minnow and ___________________ have been used in toxicology studies.
a) mummichog
b) toadfish
c) zebrafish
d) porcupine
View Answer
Explanation: The Cyprinodon variegatus sheepshead minnow and Fundulus heteroclitus species of mummichog have been used in toxicology research. These fish are hardy towards environmental influences and can be easily bred and maintained in laboratory.
2. Rainbow trout has remarkable sensitivity to environmental carcinogens.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss is one of the oldest models for cancer research. It is extremely sensitive to environmental carcinogens and therefore is used as a model for liver cancer induced by carcinogens.
3. Which carcinogen was identified following an outbreak in trout hatcheries of California in 1960?
a) Aflatoxin A
b) Aflatoxin B1
c) Aflatoxin C
d) Aflatoxin D
View Answer
Explanation: The human liver carcinogen aflatoxin B1 was identified after a 1960 breakout in trout hatcheries of California, USA. The rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss has been used as a model for liver cancer research since.
4. 70% of human disease genes have functional homologs in zebrafish.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: 70% of human disease genes have functional homologs in zebrafish this is why Danio rerio is used as a disease model. Moreover the larval stages of the fish are translucent which makes it easier to trace the development.
5. Which of the following is not a trait associated with zebrafish Danio rerio?
a) Organ formation 24 hours post fertilization
b) Transparent embryos
c) 200-300 eggs/week
d) No gene subfunctionalization
View Answer
Explanation: Danio rerio is the most popular model organism used in biomedical research owing to its easy and cost-efficient maintenance in the laboratory. Gene subfunctionalization and neofunctionalization are few of the associated disadvantages.
6. Sleeping Beauty is a _____________
a) Cancer causing gene
b) RNA interference system
c) RNA detection system
d) DNA transposon system
View Answer
Explanation: Sleeping Beauty is a DNA transposon system used in mouse for insertional somatic mutagenesis. With the introduction of this system in zebrafish has led to identification of novel and conserved cancer genes.
7. Gene knockdown technology has made zebrafish a ____________________
a) reverse genetic system
b) forward genetic system
c) model for non-mammalian diseases
d) ornamental fish
View Answer
Explanation: With systems such as Sleeping beauty amongst other technologies the zebrafish has been a forward genetic system i.e. the one in which exogenous material are introduced. With gene knockdown technologies such as the Morpholinos, the zebrafish are now used as a reverse genetic system.
8. TILLING involves _______________ for introducing mutagenesis.
a) ethylnitrosourea
b) sodium benzoate
c) amberlite
d) dimethyl ester
View Answer
Explanation: TILLING – target selected mutagenesis combines standard ethylnitrosoura (ENU) mutagenesis with gene targeting. A TILLING consortium has been developed to identify mutant lines.
9. Zebrafish strains with mutations in _______________ gene are called dmd or sapje.
a) p53
b) hemoglobin
c) melanin
d) dystrophin
View Answer
Explanation: Zebrafish strains with mutations in the dystrophin gene are called dmd or sapje. These mutant strains have been used as models for studying Duchenne muscular dystrophy – a lethal genetic disorder that leads to wasting of muscles.
10. Zebrafish is used as a model to study Acute kidney injury (AKI) because ___________________
a) regeneration of new nephrons
b) bigger nephron size
c) smaller nephron size
d) complex nephrons
View Answer
Explanation: Zebrafish has been used as model organism to study various human kidney disorders because of the former’s simple renal anatomy. Since zebrafish can regenerate nephrons throughout their lifetime, these are used to study underlying mechanism of AKI.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Marine Biotechnology.
To practice all areas of Marine Biotechnology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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