This set of Engineering Hydrology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Characteristics of Precipitation in India”.
1. What percentage of the regions of India receives the major portions of the annual rainfall from south – west monsoon?
a) Over 60%
b) Over 75%
c) Over 65%
d) Over 70%
View Answer
Explanation: In India, south – west monsoon serves the major source of rainfall. About 75% of the annual rainfall is received in major regions of India due to the south – west monsoon. It is the principal source of rainfall in India.
2. Which part of India does not receive rainfall from south – west monsoon?
a) South – eastern part of the peninsula
b) Southern Part of India
c) North – western part of India
d) Western part of India
View Answer
Explanation: South – west monsoon is responsible for the major rainy season in India. It results in the rainfall in major portions of India. Only the south – eastern part of the peninsula and Jammu and Kashmir does not receive rainfall from the south – west monsoon.
3. Where does the south – west monsoon winds originate from?
a) Pacific Ocean
b) Atlantic Ocean
c) Arctic Ocean
d) Indian Ocean
View Answer
Explanation: The south – west monsoon winds originate in the Indian ocean. It first appears in the southern part of Kerala by the end of May. It is accompanied by strong south – westerly winds.
4. What are the branches through which south – west monsoon winds advance across the country?
a) Arabian sea branch
b) Arabian sea branch and Bay of Bengal branch
c) Bay of Bengal branch
d) Mediterranean sea branch
View Answer
Explanation: The south – west monsoon winds advance across the country in two branches. One branch is the Arabian sea branch and the other branch is the Bay of Bengal branch. The Arabian sea branch sets in at extreme southern part of Kerala. The Bay of Bengal branch sets in Assam. Both sets almost simultaneously in the first week of June.
5. During which time in a year does south – west monsoon winds result in rainfall in India?
a) March to May
b) June to September
c) October to November
d) December to February
View Answer
Explanation: South – west monsoon winds are the major source of rainfall in India. It appears and causes rainfall between the months from June to September. The maximum rainfall occurs in the month of July.
6. According to the climatic conditions prevailing in the Indian subcontinent, which period is known as Transition – II?
a) South – west monsoon
b) Winter season
c) Summer season
d) Post monsoon
View Answer
Explanation: From the context of climatic conditions, the Indian subcontinent is divided into two seasons and two transition periods. South – west monsoon and winter season are two seasons. Two transition periods are Post monsoon and summer. The Post monsoon period is the transition – I. Summer season is known as Transition – II.
7. By mid – December, the disturbances which are of extra tropical origin and travel eastwards across Afghanistan and Pakistan are called?
a) Eastern disturbances
b) Northern disturbances
c) Southern disturbances
d) Western disturbances
View Answer
Explanation: By mid – December, there are some disturbances of extra tropical origin that travel eastwards across Afghanistan and Pakistan. These disturbances are known as western disturbances. These disturbances cause moderate to heavy rainfall and snowfall in the Himalayas and in Jammu and Kashmir.
8. What is the formula of the coefficient of variation (Cv)?
a) Standard deviation/Mean
b) Standard deviation/(Mean*100)
c) (100*Standard deviation)/Mean
d) Standard deviation*Mean
View Answer
Explanation: There is a considerable amount of variation in annual rainfall at a particular time and place. This variation of rainfall is less in regions of higher rainfall and more in regions of scanty rainfall. This variation of rainfall is marked by the term coefficient of variation. The formula for the coefficient of variation is as follows –
Coefficient of variation (Cv) = (100*Standard deviation)/Mean
9. During which period in a year does the transition – I (post – monsoon) phase prevail in India?
a) March to May
b) June to September
c) October to November
d) December to February
View Answer
Explanation: According to the climatic conditions of India, there are two seasons are two transition periods. The south – west monsoon is the season which stays from June to September. Then comes the transition – I period (post – monsoon) that prevails from October to November. Then the winter season arrives from December up to February. The transition – II (summer) arrives in March and stays up to May.
10. The following table gives the rainfall data at different stations.
| Station | A | B | C | D | E |
| Rainfall(cm) | 84 | 120 | 150 | 170 | 110 |
Find out the coefficient of variation.
a) 28
b) 24.56
c) 23.87
d) 26.64
View Answer
Explanation: P1 = 84 cm
P2 = 120 cm
P3 = 150 cm
P4 = 170 cm
P5 = 110 cm
Mean Precipitation(M) = (P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5) / 5
= (84 + 120 + 150 + 170 + 110) / 5 cm
= 126.8 cm
Standard deviation(S) = √(Σ(P – M)2/(m – 1))
= √(((84 – 126.8)2 + (120 – 126.8)2 + (150 – 126.8)2 + (170 – 126.8)2 + (110 – 126.8)2) / (5 – 1))
= 33.78 cm
Coefficient of variation (Cv) = 100*Standard deviation/Mean
= 100 * 33.78 / 126.8
= 26.64
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Engineering Hydrology.
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