This set of Engineering Hydrology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Forms of Subsurface Water – Set 2”.
1. Which of the following is not true with respect to unconfined aquifer?
a) It is known as water table aquifer
b) Recharged by infiltration of rainfall
c) Has impermeable deposit on one side
d) Driven well pumps water above the ground level
View Answer
Explanation: An unconfined aquifer is a formation in which a free surface characterized by a water table exists. It is also known as a water table aquifer. It is easily recharged by the infiltrated precipitation water. A driven well indicates a stable water level corresponding to the water table.
2. Which of the following is true for an artesian aquifer?
a) The stored water is under pressure
b) Piezometric level will be below the top layer of aquifer
c) It has a free water surface at the top
d) Recharge easily by rainwater
View Answer
Explanation: A confined aquifer is present between two impervious layers without any free water table. It cannot be recharged through infiltration but directly at the location where it meets the ground surface. The water is under pressure and hence a piezometer will give a water level above the aquifer.
3. Which of the following is a case of a leaky aquifer?
a) Aquiclude at top and aquifuge at bottom
b) Aquiclude at top and bottom
c) Aquitard at top and aquifuge at bottom
d) Aquifuge at top and bottom
View Answer
Explanation: A confined aquifer is sandwiched between aquicludes or aquifuges. A leaky aquifer is a special case of a confined aquifer in which one or both the confining layers are aquitards, thus allowing the leakage of water from either ends.
4. What is the usual location of a perched water table?
a) At the ground level
b) Above the normal water table
c) At the level of normal water table
d) Below the normal water table
View Answer
Explanation: Sometimes in a soil deposit, a localized segment of impervious formation may occur around an unconfined aquifer such that the impervious feature retains a separate water table above the water table of the unconfined aquifer. This is known as a perched water table.
5. A porous and permeable formation is found in a water scarce region and a water surplus region. It is called as an aquifer in both regions.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The naming of saturated formations depend on the region in which they occur. A formation may be called an aquifer in a region where water is scarce and the same formation may be called an aquitard in a water abundant area.
6. Which of the following formations assist the occurrence of free flowing wells?
a) Unconfined aquifer
b) Perched aquifer
c) Leaky aquifer
d) Artesian aquifer
View Answer
Explanation: At some points in a confined aquifer, the piezometric level may be so high that it rises beyond the ground level. Wells driven at such locations will flow freely without the use of any pumps. Thus it received the name of artesian aquifer.
7. Which of the following true with regards to effluent streams?
a) It carries effluent from nearby factories
b) It is an intermittent stream
c) It has bed above the ground water table
d) It receives water from subsurface storage
View Answer
Explanation: Streams that have its bed below the water table may be periodically replenished by receiving ground water if the water level drops below the adjacent water table. Such streams are known as effluent streams.
8. Which of the following is not a characteristic of influent rivers?
a) It has river bed above the water table
b) It supplies water to groundwater storage
c) They are perennial
d) It causes a hump in the ground water table
View Answer
Explanation: Influent rivers have their beds well above the groundwater water table and are hence able to contribute water to it. This results in a hump formation in the water table just below the river. Since they supply water, they are likely to go dry and are intermittent rivers.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Engineering Hydrology.
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