This set of Engineering Hydrology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Factors Affecting Flood Hydrograph”.
1. Which factors govern the shape of hydrograph?
a) Climatic factors
b) Climatic and physiographic factors
c) Physiographic factors
d) River characteristics
View Answer
Explanation: The shape of the hydrograph depends upon many factors. These factors have been grouped into two basic categories which are climatic factors and physiographic factors. The varied characteristics of the factors are responsible for the variation of the hydrograph.
2. The climatic factors mainly control the shape of the recession limb of a hydrograph.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: The shape of the hydrograph is mainly governed by two basic factors which are climatic factors and physiographic factors. The climatic factors mainly control the shape of the rising limb and the shape of the recession limb is governed by catchment characteristics.
3. Which of the following is not a physiographic factor which is responsible for characteristics of flood hydrograph?
a) Basin characteristics
b) Channel characteristics
c) Storm characteristics
d) Infiltration characteristics
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Explanation: The characteristics of flood hydrograph depends upon many factors classified as physiographic factors and climatic factors. The physiographic factors include the following:
1. Basin characteristics
2. Channel characteristics
3. Infiltration characteristics
4. Which of the following do not fall under basin characteristics for analyzing the characteristics of flood hydrograph?
a) Nature of valley
b) Shape of valley
c) Drainage density
d) Land use and cover
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Explanation: The physiographic factors are further divided into basin characteristics, infiltration characteristics and channel characteristics. The basin characteristics include physical features of the catchment area such as:
i. Shape of the valley
ii. Size of the valley
iii. Slope of valley
iv. Drainage density
v. Nature of the valley
vi. Elevation
5. Which of the following is not an infiltration characteristic involved in analyzing flood hydrograph?
a) Drainage density
b) Geological features
c) Land use and cover
d) Storage like lakes, swamps
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Explanation: The infiltration characteristics which are used to analyze the features of flood hydrograph are as follows:
i. Characteristics of soil and geological features
ii. Land use and cover
iii. Storage areas like lakes, swamps, ponds, etc.
Drainage density of a valley falls under physiographic characteristics.
6. The channel characteristics of physiographic factors include ___________
a) Storage capacity and drainage density
b) Cross section and storage capacity
c) Cross section and drainage density
d) Precipitation and storage capacity
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Explanation: The channel characteristics of the physiographic factors include:
i. Roughness of channel
ii. Cross section of channel
iii. Storage capacity of channel
7. Evapotranspiration is one of the basin characteristics of physiographic factors for analyzing characteristics of flood hydrograph.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Evapotranspiration is one of the factors which is grouped under climatic factors. The climatic factors include the following:
i. Evapotranspiration
ii. Storm characteristics
iii. Initial loss
8. The shape of the catchment influences the time taken for water to reach from remote parts to the outlets.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The shape of the catchment affects the shape of flood hydrograph. Depending on the shape of the catchment, the time taken for water to reach from the remote parts to the outlets varies. This time is responsible to bring variations of the peaks and shape of the hydrograph.
9. Hydrograph having high peak and narrow shape is given by _____________
a) Circular catchments
b) Square catchments
c) Polygonal catchments
d) Semi-circular catchments
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Explanation: The shape of the catchment affects the shape of the flood hydrograph. In the case of semi-circular catchments, the hydrograph depicts high peak and narrow shape. The semi-circular catchments are also known as fan shaped catchments.
10. Elongated catchments give broad and high peaked hydrographs.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The shape of the catchments brings certain variations in the peak and shape of the hydrograph. In case of elongated catchments, the hydrograph depicts small peak and broad shape.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Engineering Hydrology.
To practice all areas of Engineering Hydrology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
More MCQs on Hydrograph:
- Hydrograph MCQ (Set 2)
- Hydrograph MCQ (Set 3)
- Hydrograph MCQ (Set 4)
- Hydrograph MCQ (Set 5)
- Hydrograph MCQ (Set 6)
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