This set of Plant Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Callus Culture”.
1. Which of the following induces callus formation?
a) Auxin
b) Gibberellin
c) Abscisic acid
d) Ethylene
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Explanation: Callus is a mass of dedifferentiated cells that are formed from explants, due to the activity of the plant growth regulators such as auxin and cytokinin. Dedifferentiated cells are mature cells which are transformed back into a meristematic cell state.
2. Friable callus is characterized by dense aggregated cells.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: The given statement is incorrect. Compact callus is a type of callus formation that is characterized by dense aggregated cells, whereas, friable calluses are characterized by loosely associated cells which can be fragmented easily.
3. Which of the following is true regarding callus culture?
a) They are dispersed in liquid culture medium
b) They are used to obtain protoplasts
c) They grow rapidly than suspension culture
d) They are heterogenous parenchymatic mass of cells
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Explanation: Callus cultures are formed in agar-gelled medium and they are usually homogeneous in nature. They are used to obtain protoplasts and are involved in the production of secondary metabolites. In general, suspension cultures grow rapidly than callus cultures.
4. From which tree/plant, the callus formation was first discovered?
a) Pea plant
b) Banyan tree
c) Cassia tree
d) Elm tree
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Explanation: The callus formation was first discovered in the decorticated elm tree by Duharmel du Monceau H. L, in the year 1756. This initial discovery paved a way for the development of plant tissue culture in the later years.
5. Which hormone induces cell division during callus formation?
a) Auxin
b) Cytokinin
c) Gibberellin
d) Ethylene
View Answer
Explanation: During the mechanism of callus formation, the course of cell division is induced by cytokinin. And the plant hormone auxin, is used to induce cell elongation. Both of these processes result in the formation of unspecialized cell mass.
6. What is Bavistin?
a) Chemically synthesized plant growth regulator
b) Callus growth inhibitor
c) Fungicide
d) Bactericide
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Explanation: Bavistin is a fungicide, which is employed in plant tissue culture technique for the purpose of surface sterilization to get rid of pathogenic fungi in the inoculum. It is used along with sodium hypochlorite, mercury chloride and alcohol.
7. The formation of shoot from the callus is known as caulogenesis.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: The given statement is correct. The process of formation of shoot from the callus is known as caulogenesis and the development of root from the callus is known as rhizogenesis. Both caulogenesis and rhizogenesis are collectively termed as organogenesis.
8. What is the usual time period required for the callus to significantly increase its biomass?
a) 1 week
b) 2 to 4 weeks
c) 4 to 7 weeks
d) 8 weeks
View Answer
Explanation: Typically, the biomass of callus shows significant growth in around 2 to 4 weeks. During this time period, the callus will be multiplied up to 4 times in comparison with its early cellular formation in the nutrient medium.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Plant Biotechnology.
To practice all areas of Plant Biotechnology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
