This set of Plant Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Gene Structure”.
1. Who first coined the term gene?
a) Charles Edwin Bessey
b) Adolf Engler
c) Wilhelm Johannsen
d) Joseph Hooker
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Explanation: The term gene was coined by a Danish botanist named Wilhelm Johannsen, in the year 1909. A gene can be defined as the fundamental unit of heredity. It determines the traits or characteristics that are being inherited from a parent to an offspring.
2. Housekeeping genes are those which are activated only during special occasions.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: The given statement is incorrect. Genes can be classified into two based on its activity: housekeeping genes and specific genes. The housekeeping genes are those which are active at all times, whereas, specific genes are the ones that are activated only during certain occasions.
3. Which of the following is not a coding region?
a) Extron
b) Intron
c) Start codon
d) Stop codon
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Explanation: The coding regions are within the exons. Introns are termed as non-coding regions as they are removed by RNA splicing during maturation of the final RNA product. Introns are nucleotide sequences that are involved in regulating gene expression.
4. Which of the following primarily controls DNA methylation in plants?
a) Encoded proteins
b) KRAB-ZFP Controllers
c) Mutant hormones
d) Phytohormones
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Explanation: DNA methylation process primarily regulates gene expression by recruiting proteins or through inhibiting the binding of transcription factors to DNAs. It is controlled by phytohormones and can be altered during the mechanism of seed germination, flowering etc.
5. Which of the following transcribes protein-coding genes in plants?
a) RNA polymerase Ⅰ
b) RNA polymerase Ⅱ
c) DNA polymerase Ⅰ
d) DNA polymerase Ⅱ
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Explanation: The protein-coding genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase Ⅱ, whereas, RNA polymerase Ⅰ transcribes the genes that encode the three RNA species of the ribosome at the nucleolus. In addition to the three eukaryotic RNA polymerase molecules, plants also have RNA polymerase Ⅳ and Ⅴ.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Plant Biotechnology.
To practice all areas of Plant Biotechnology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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