This set of Plant Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Plant Development”.
1. During seed germination, embryo develops into ________
a) Seedling
b) Complete plant
c) Flower
d) Root
View Answer
Explanation: During seed germination, an embryo develops into a seedling. Seedling consists of radicle, hypocotyl, and cotyledons. Hypocotyl forms shoot, radicle forms root, and cotyledons from seeds.
2. Which of the following is a non-endospermic seed?
a) Maize
b) Wheat
c) Rice
d) Orchid
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Explanation: Maize, wheat, and rice are examples of endospermic seed whereas Orchid is an example of endospermic seed.
3. Testa is the name of _____
a) Shoot
b) Inner seed coat
c) Cotyledon
d) Outer Seed coat
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Explanation: Testa is the name of the outer seed coat. It protects the seed from adverse environmental conditions. It encloses an embryo which has the ability to grow into a new plant when suitable conditions are provided.
4. Apomixis reproduction leads to the development of _____
a) Embryo from nucleus
b) Embryo from endosperm
c) A new organism with the fusion of the gametes
d) A new organism without fusion of the gametes
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Explanation: Apomixis reproduction is an asexual type of reproduction that does not involve meiosis and fertilization of gametes. The genotype of the product and the parent plant remains the same.
5. What does the egg apparatus consist of?
a) Egg
b) Antipodal cells
c) Egg and synergids
d) Egg and antipodal cells
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Explanation: Egg apparatus consists of three cells that include one egg and two synergids in the embryo sac. The egg apparatus is present at one end of the embryo sac towards the micropyle and antipodal cells on the other end of the embryo sac.
6. What is the first structure that develops from the embryo during germination?
a) Shoot
b) Leaf
c) Root
d) Flower
View Answer
Explanation: During germination, the first structure that develops from the embryo is root and is called as radicle which grows downwards towards the soil and eventually causes the death of the seedling.
7. In viviparous germination, seed is germinated ________
a) While it is contained inside the fruit
b) In the presence of strong light
c) When the cotyledons are not involved
d) When the cotyledons come above the ground
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Explanation: Viviparous germination is the type of germination in which the embryo breaks the seed while still attached to the parent. This is also known as phyllody.
8. Where is embryo sac found?
a) Ovary
b) Embryo
c) Endosperm
d) Ovule
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Explanation: Embryo sac is found in the ovule. It is also known as the female gametophyte. It develops from the megaspore of the ovule. Embryo sac bears both embryo and endosperm after fertilization.
9. What is the optimum temperature for seed germination in degree celsius?
a) 25-30
b) 30-35
c) 20-30
d) 30-40
View Answer
Explanation: The optimum temperature for seed germination is 25-30 degree Celsius. Temperature affects the rate of germination as it controls moisture, enzymatic activity, and hormone production.
10. External conditions on which germination of seeds is dependent are ________
a) Embryo
b) Oxygen and water
c) Sufficient food storage
d) Sufficient food storage and water
View Answer
Explanation: The most important external condition for the germination of seeds are oxygen and water. Water enters the seed coat and ruptures the seed thereby leading to cotyledon formation.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Plant Biotechnology.
To practice all areas of Plant Biotechnology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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