This set of Plant Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Chloroplast Genome”.
1. How many genes are present in the chloroplast of land plants?
a) 1 to 50
b) 50 to 100
c) 100 to 150
d) 150 to 200
View Answer
Explanation: An average of 100 to 150 genes are present in the chloroplast genomes of land plants. These genes are then classified into two main categories namely, genes involved in gene expression and genes associated with photosynthesis.
2. How many circular DNAs does a typical chloroplast genome contain?
a) Zero
b) Only one
c) Only two
d) Two or more
View Answer
Explanation: In general, the chloroplast genome consists of two or more circular DNA molecules. For instance, Brown algae (Pylaiella littoralis) consists of two circular DNA in their chloroplast genome. Hence, the size of chromosomal DNA in plants ranges from 2 kb to 20 kb.
3. Which of the following is true about chloroplast DNA?
a) It shows mendelian inheritance
b) It is also known as plastid DNA
c) The chloroplast DNA is not conserved in nature
d) Non-replicative
View Answer
Explanation: The chloroplast DNA is also known as plastid DNA or plastome. It shows non-mendelian mode of inheritance and are characterized as self-replicative. The chloroplast DNA is also highly conserved in nature.
4. Chloroplast comprises of both DNA and RNA in their genome.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The given statement is correct. The Chloroplast comprises of both DNA and RNA in their genome. The chloroplast genome generally contains four copies of rRNA genes and a number of tRNA genes and other RNA subunits.
5. The chloroplast genome is only of circular form.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The given statement is incorrect. Chloroplast genome is predominantly considered to be in circular shape, but it is evident that most chloroplast genomes prevail in linear forms. Around 95% of corn has their chloroplast genome in branched linear form.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Plant Biotechnology.
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