This set of Engineering Geology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Effects of Faulting”.
1. What is the effect of faulting on outcrop?
a) Changes in the elevation of the ground
b) Omission of some strata where they are normally expected
c) Repetition of some strata in a given direction
d) Changes in elevation, omission of some strata, repetition of some strata
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Explanation: Faulting is essentially a process of rupturing and displacement along the plane of rupture. Its effects may involve- changes in the elevation of the ground, omission of some strata where they are normally expected, repetition of some strata in a given direction and displacements and shifts in the continuity of the same rocks in certain regions.
2. What is the effect of strike faults to the strata?
a) Extension
b) Repetition
c) Omission
d) Repetition and repetition
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Explanation: Strike faults are those, which are developed parallel to the strike of the outcrops. These faults produce, besides other changes, two pronounced effects on the outcrops repetition and omission of strata.
3. When the downthrow is against direction of the bed, it leads to
a) Omission
b) Repetition
c) Extension
d) Weakening
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Explanation: Repetition of the strata occurs, when the downthrow is against the direction of the dip of the bed in which faulting has taken place.
4. When the downthrow is _____________ direction of the dip, it leads to omission.
a) Parallel to
b) Against
c) Inclined at certain angle
d) Doesn’t depend on downthrow
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Explanation: Omission of the strata takes place in a strike fault when the downthrow is parallel to the direction of slip of the faulted bed.
5. What has to be studied at first to tell about the effects with certainty?
a) Aerial photographs
b) Globe
c) Geological maps
d) Topographical photographs
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Explanation: It is only after the study of geological maps that existence of faults at the first place and their effects on the rocks may get established with some certainty.
6. Dip fault leads to
a) Horizontal shift
b) Vertical shift
c) Inclined shift
d) Outburst
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Explanation: In dip faults which occur parallel to the dip of the outcrop, the most prominent effect observed after faulting and erosion of the upthrown block is horizontal shift between the two parts of the outcrop.
7. Which fault causes offset?
a) Normal fault
b) Reverse fault
c) Oblique fault
d) Dip fault
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Explanation: Oblique faults cause an offset in the sequence, which is associated with either a gap or an overlap depending upon the downthrow direction.
8. Gap or overlap depends upon
a) Upthrow direction
b) Downthrow direction
c) Heave
d) Hade angle
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Explanation: Oblique faults cause an offset in the sequence, which is associated with either a gap or an overlap depending upon the downthrow direction.
9. What will result in an offset with overlap?
a) Downthrow to left side
b) Upthrow to left side
c) Downthrow to right side
d) Upthrow to right side
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Explanation: Oblique faults with downthrow to the left side result in an offset with an overlap.
10. What will result in an offset with gap?
a) Downthrow to left side
b) Upthrow to left side
c) Downthrow to right side
d) Upthrow to right side
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Explanation: Oblique faults with downthrow to the right side result in an offset with a gap.
11. Effects of faults in different types of folded strata is same as dipping strata. State true or false.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: The effects of faults on different types of folded sequence is broadly the same as in plainly dipping strata. But with changes in the altitude of the faults or that of rocks, quite complicated results may be seen.
12. What is the effect of faults on topography?
a) Fault gaps
b) Crust extension
c) Fault scarps
d) Crevices
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Explanation: One of the main effects of the faults on topography is that they very often result in the development of distinct types of steep slopes which are aptly called fault scarps.
13. The type of scarps not considered under study is
a) Fault scarps
b) Dip scarps
c) Fault-line scarps
d) Composite-fault scarps
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Explanation: Three types of fault associated scarps are often recognized: fault scarps, fault-line scarps and composite-fault scarps.
14. The fault which is result of both fault scarps and fault-line scarps is
a) Compound-fault scarps
b) Composite-fault scarps
c) Dual-fault scarps
d) By-fault scarps
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Explanation: When a given slope is believed is believed to be the result of both of these processes, fault scarp and fault-line scarp, the scarp is of composite type, and is called composite-fault scarp.
15. The type of scarp involving erosion is
a) Fault scarp
b) Fault-line scarp
c) Composite-fault scarp
d) Dip-fault scarp
View Answer
Explanation: In the fault-line scarp, the relief is produced due to process of unequal erosion along the fault line with the passage of time.
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