This set of Clinical Science Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Basics of Endoscopy”.
1. The endoscope that examines the respiratory tract is called as ____________
a) Bronchoscopy
b) Laparoscopy
c) Colonoscopy
d) Arthroscopy
View Answer
Explanation: Broncoscope is inserted in the body via the nasal passage and it used to image the respiratory tract. It has a very thin tube so that the patient feels minimal discomfort as the scope goes down the track. A laryngoscope can be used to examine the larynx. It is inserted through the mouth and the direction of the scope is changed at the epiglottis. This allows the scope to look at the larynx and not enter the GI tract.
2. Endoscope used to examine the upper GI tract is ___________
a) Laparoscopy
b) Bronchoscopy
c) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
d) Laryngoscopy
View Answer
Explanation: As the name suggests, this particular endoscope has a really long range and can be used to view esophagus, stomach and the duodenum. The region till here is mostly considered as the upper GI tract.
3. Capsule endoscope has a ________ for taking images.
a) CCD camera
b) LED camera
c) X-Ray camera
d) US camera
View Answer
Explanation: The CCD (Charge coupled device) camera is small and is easily fitted in the capsule. It does not require too much energy and the range of the camera is wide enough. It may also be called as CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) imager.
4. Extraction of a small piece of the diseased organ is called __________
a) biopsy
b) surgery
c) chemotherapy
d) replacement
View Answer
Explanation: The smallest unit of any system is its cell. Every organ is made of tissues and tissues are a collection of similar cells. Thus, what a tissue system does is a result of the network of the similar cells. So, when a tissue is diseased or injured, a part of the tissue is extracted to study the nature of the trauma or disease. This extracted part is called a biopsy.
5. The cleaning of the endoscope is done with ____________
i) 2% Glutarldehyde (CIDEX)
ii) Sodium Hypochlorite
iii) Hydrochloric acid
iv) Iodophor (Betadine-providone)
v) 1% Saline Solution
vi) 70% ethyl or isopropyl alcohol
vii) Ethylene oxide (ETO)
viii) Formaldehyde vapour
ix) Phenol Solution
x) Vinegar
a) i,iv, vi, vii, viii
b) i, vii, viii, ix, x
c) ii, iii, ix, x
d) iii, iv, v, ix
View Answer
Explanation: The body of an endoscope is flexible because it is made of polymers. The cleaning agents used need to be harsh enough for the microbes that may get attached to the endoscope as it is examining the patient but they should not corrode or harm the body of the endoscope.
6. None of the endoscopic procedures require any cuts.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Some procedures like laparoscopy and arthroscopy require a small cut to allows the devices to go in. Laparoscopy is done for the diaphragm and the organs in that region. It can help look at kidneys and the reproductive organs in women.
7. Which of the following operations can be done with an endoscope?
i. Bypass surgery
ii. Cardiac Catherization
iii. Kidney Stone Removal
iv. Knee Replacement
v. Biopsy
vi. Tracheotomy
vii. Appendix Removal
a) i, ii, iii, iv, vii
b) ii, iii, v, vii
c) iii, vii
d) v, vi, vii
View Answer
Explanation: All of the above mentioned processes are minimally invasive procedures and can be quickly resolved with the help of endoscopes. Come to require a small cut to allow insertion of the scope along with the micro instruments while others may be performed without any incisions. These use the nasal opening, oral opening, the anal opening and the vaginal opening for visualization and surgery.
8. Which if the following diagnostic procedures require an endoscope?
a) Transesophagal Echocardiography
b) X Ray of the Chest
c) Counting the Number of Platelets
d) Detecting Leukemia
View Answer
Explanation: This is a type of Ultrasound of the heart where the endoscope is sending through the oral cavity and placed close to the heart via the oesophagus. This helps in taking an unhindered ultrasound of the heart.
9. Which endoscope can be used to look at the knees before and after a surgery?
a) Colonoscopy
b) Arthroscopy
c) Bronchoscopy
d) Laryngoscopy
View Answer
Explanation: Arthroscopy is a process where the bones are visualized and worked upon with the help of an endoscope. The soft parts of the knee like the cartilage or the synovial capsule cannot be properly visualized with an X-Ray so an arthroscope is used to look at them. The healing of the bones after a surgery can be monitored by the arthrocope. Small operations regarding the bones can be performed with the help of the arthroscope.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Clinical Science.
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