This set of Clinical Science Interview Questions and Answers for freshers focuses on “Intravenous Cannulae, Stomach Wash Tubes, Infusion Pumps v/s Syringe Pumps”.
1. Where are the access sites for the stomach wash tubes?
a) Mouth
b) Diaphragm
c) Abdomen
d) Anus
View Answer
Explanation: Stomach wash tubes are used to flush out the stomach. This is done by sending in warm water or saline solution. The mouth or the nose is used as the access point and careful monitoring is done to ensure that the solution reaches the stomach and not the lungs.
2. How is a graft made?
a) By surgically connecting two arteries
b) By externally connecting two veins
c) By surgically placing a connection between two capillaries
d) By surgically placing a connection between an artery and vein
View Answer
Explanation: When a graft is made, an artery and a vein are connected by using an external tube (graft). This allows the blood to flow from higher pressure, i.e. artery, through the graft and then into the low pressure area, i.e. vein. The graft is where the needles are used for withdrawal or injection.
3. What is a fistula?
a) The connection between two arteries
b) The connection between two veins
c) The connection between two capillaries
d) The connection between artery and vein
View Answer
Explanation: A fistula is also a disease but in this case, it is a connection between an artery and vein. It provides an access point for better withdrawal and injection of blood, saline etc. It is surgically created by creating a small longitudinal incision in an artery and vein facing each other and then they are joined together. This provides a better access point.
4. Cannula acts like an access point for _________
a) catheters
b) syringe
c) scalpel
d) mes
View Answer
Explanation: Catheters are like small tubes which may or may not have a bifurcation. They have openings on both the ends. The catheter is placed at the access point and often filled with heparin or other anticoagulants and sealed. When the access point needs to be used, a catheter is easily sent in. The cannula can be placed in the body for some period of time.
5. Long periods of cannulization can lead to ___________
a) Inflammation in the area
b) Heart Diseases
c) Increase in uric acid
d) Death
View Answer
Explanation: When some external substance is placed in the body, the body tries to remove and reject it. If the body is unable to break down this foreign substance, the WBCs that tried to get rid of this foreign substance accumulate in the area and cause inflammation.
6. How is monitoring done for stomach wash?
a) Air insufflation while listening to the stomach
b) Auscultation
c) Patting the stomach
d) Ultrasound
View Answer
Explanation: Air insufflation is the process in which air is filled in the cavity and then the cavity is monitored. For stomach wash, the abdominal area is filled with air and then the stomach sounds are heard. This ensures that the tube is in the correct place.
7. Why is the stomach lavage done?
a) to remove poison
b) to induce vomiting
c) to allow better respiration
d) to hydrate the stomach
View Answer
Explanation: Lavage is the term that is used for washing. Thus, stomach lavage means washing the stomach. When a person has been poisoned or has had an excess intake of alcohol or is preparing for a surgery, the stomach is cleaned out. Vomiting is a side effect of stomach lavage.
8. What is the entry site for a feeding tube?
a) Oral cavity
b) G – tube site
c) Ileum
d) Diaphragm
View Answer
Explanation: The tube is inserted in the G – site of the stomach and may extend up to the jejunum of the small intestines. These tubes are used for enteral feeding and send the food directly to the stomach. This kind of food is given to patients who are unable to eat by themselves, for eg comatose patients, geriatric population etc.
9. Which gas is used for insufflation in surgical processes?
a) Carbon Di Oxide
b) Helium
c) Nitrogen
d) Oxygen
View Answer
Explanation: Carbon Di Oxide is colorless, non inflammable and non harmful to the body. Thus, it is often used for insufflation, especially in endoscopy. It allows a good view of the insides. Oxygen, helium, nitrous oxide, xenon etc are also used for insufflation in other processes like anesthesia, nasal drug administration etc.
10. What is the difference between the infusion pump and syringe pump?
a) Syringe Pumps are used when a larger amount of medication has to be sent in while infusion pumps are used for smaller doses of medication
b) Infusion pump injects into the abdomen and syringe pump injects in the blood vessels
c) Infusion Pumps are used when a larger amount of medication has to be sent in while syringe pumps are used for smaller doses of medication
d) Syringe pump injects into the abdomen and infusion pump injects in the blood vessels
View Answer
Explanation: Syringe pumps and infusion pumps are both used for the same job, injecting medicines, saline, drip or other substances in the blood and body. Infusion pumps are used for injecting larger amounts of materials but in a regulated speed and volume while the syringe pumps are used to inject a lesser amount of materials but in a lesser volume. For eg, to send in medicines, it is better to use syringe pumps but to send in parenteral nutrition, it is better to use infusion pumps.
11. What are feeding tubes made of?
a) Bakelite
b) Polyurethane
c) Polyvinyl Chloride
d) Poly ethene
View Answer
Explanation: Polyurethane can stay in the body for longer periods of time without causing harm to it. It is stable, non reactive and does not corrode in the body. It provides good biocompatibility, flexibility, high endurance etc which makes it a good choice for making various medical equipment.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Clinical Science.
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