This set of Clinical Science Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Components of Blood”.
1. In a normal adult male, what is the ration of RBCs: WBCs: Platelets per ml of blood?
a) 5000:11:300
b) 50:11:300
c) 5000:11:3
d) 50:11:3
View Answer
Explanation: A normal adult male is 5000000 RBCs, 11000 WBCs in total and 300000 platelets. The RBCs carry oxygen, WBCs are a part of the immune system and the platelets help in the clotting of blood.
2. Where are the platelets produced?
a) In Liver
b) In Spleen
c) In Gall Bladder
d) In Megakaryocytes
View Answer
Explanation: Megakaryocytes simply mean cells with a large nucleus and they are found in the bone marrow. Normally, there is 1 megakaryocyte for every 10,000 cells of the bone marrow. These megakaryocytes break into smaller pieces and give rise to platelets.
3. What is the ratio of basophils to eosinophils?
a) 4:1
b) 1:4
c) 2:1
d) 1:2
View Answer
Explanation: Basophils form 0.5% of all WBCs and neutrophil constitute 2% of WBCs. Basophils go to the site of injury and cause inflammation. The presence of this inflammation brings in eosinophils which surround the area and attack the source of the problem.
4. How to distinguish eosinophils from basophils?
a) Eosinophils have a bilobed nucleus and basophils have a single round nucleus
b) Eosinophils are granulated while Basophils are non granulated
c) Eosinophils have a single nucleus and basophils have a trilobed nucleus
d) Eosinophils stain blue while basophils stain pink
View Answer
Explanation: Eosinophils and basophils are both granulocytes i.e. they have granules in their cytoplasm. Their granules are stained with dyes of different pH and their nucleus is differentiated by the lobes they have.
5. Where are Kupffer cells found?
a) Brain
b) Lungs
c) Liver
d) Spleen
View Answer
Explanation: Kupffer cells is another name for megakaryocytes. These are Monocytic Agranulocytes, i.e. agranular WBCs having one large nucleus. They leave the Blood Vessels and can enlarge almost 30 times their size. The megakaryocytes of the brain are called mircoglial cells, lungs are alveolar macrophages, liver is Kupffer cells and for lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow, they are sinuslining macrophages.
6. The leaving of neutrophils from the blood vessels to act on the site of injury is called as ________
a) Histosis
b) Diapedesis
c) Amboidal Movement
d) Flagellation
View Answer
Explanation: When a WBC or a neutrophil, in this case, is moving out of the blood vessels, the size of the pores in the blood vessels is too small as compared to the size of the WBC. Thus, for the WBCs to come out, they squeeze out a tiny amoeboid leg out if the pore and slowly move out. This process is diapedesis.
7. How are mature and non – matured RBCs distinguished?
a) Mature RBCs are biconcave while non – mature RBCs are round
b) Mature RBCs have mitochondria while non – mature RBCs do not have mitochondria
c) Mature RBCs have nucleus while non – mature RBCs do not have nucleus
d) Mature RBCs have haemoglobin while non – mature RBCs do not have haemoglobin
View Answer
Explanation: When an RBC is produced in the bone marrow of the long bones, it is round in shape. It has a nucleus and a mitochondira. However, once the RBC matures, it looses its nucleus and mitochondira. Thus, the RBC are unable to reproduce by cell division or produce energy for themselves. Since the nucleus is usually the biggest organelle, the loss of nucleus makes the RBC become biconcave.
8. Where are the RBCs destroyed?
a) Liver
b) Pancreas
c) Stomach
d) Intestines
View Answer
Explanation: The liver is responsible for detoxifying the body. Just like kidney filters blood and removes all the waste, the liver detoxifies the blood and ensures that the dead and dying cells are destroyed and removed.
9. What is the lifespan of platelets?
a) 1 – 7 days
b) 8 – 12 days
c) 14 days
d) 1 month
View Answer
Explanation: Platelets are formed from the megakaryocyes. Thus, essentially, they are broken parts of a cell and thus must be removed eventually to avoid any problems to the body. Thus, within 8 – 12 days, the liver removes them from blood circulation.
10. The non – cellular components of blood consist of
i) Fibrin ii) Thrombin iii) Sodium iv) Plasma v) Thrombocytes vi) Phagocytes vii) creatinine viii) Water ix) hormones x) enzymes
a) i, iii, x
b) i, ii, iii, iv, vii, viii, ix
c) ii, iii, vii, ix
d) viii, ix, x
View Answer
Explanation: The non cellular component is called the plasma. It is basically the suspended solution in which the blood cells flow. It has 95% water. Fibrin and thrombin are proteins that are used for coagulation of blood. Sodium is an electrolyte, also important for impulse conduction, creatinine is a waste product and hormones are injected directly in the blood.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Clinical Science.
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