This set of Clinical Science Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “General Anaesthesia”.
1. What mixture of gases are used in anesthesia?
a) O2 and N2O
b) O2 and CO2
c) CO2 and N2O
d) O2 , CO2 and N2O
View Answer
Explanation: In general anesthesia, the gases are given through a face mask. Oxygen is given to allow normal breathing while nitrous oxide is given to anesthise the patient. However, in major operations, nitrous oxide is used more as a carrier gas as it alone is not powerful enough to anesthise the patient.
2. The oxygen flush system provides a higher flow of oxygen of ________ L/min when the patient’s need for oxygen is greater than the amount the breathing circuit can provide.
a) 25-50
b) 35-75
c) 55-95
d) 65-105
View Answer
Explanation: The ventilator monitors the amount of oxygen being inhaled and exhaled by the body. At times, there can arise a situation where even under the normal settings of the ventilator the person can feel shortness of breath. In such cases, oxygen flush is given in which more than normal amount of oxygen is given at a higher pressure to stabilize the person.
3. One of the methods to measure changes in the levels of consciousness during anesthesia is ________
a) Auditory Evoked Potential
b) Visual Evoked Potential
c) Tactile Evoked Potential
d) Speech Evoked Potential
View Answer
Explanation: One of the methods to measure changes in the levels of consciousness during anesthesia is Auditory Evoked Potential (AEP) which is a neuro-physiological indicator of the changes in the level of consciousness during anesthesia. In this, the person is given an auditory stimulus and the EEG response of the person is noted. This allows the doctor to realize the level of consciousness of the person.
4. AEP stands for ________
a) Auditory Evoked Potential
b) Auxiliary Evoked Potential
c) Audiovisual Evoked Potential
d) Ambulatory Evoked Potential
View Answer
Explanation: Auditory Evoked Potential is a type of test done to look into the response of a person to an auditory stimulus. The brain waves are recorded with the help of an EEG. This test is also used for a patient under general anesthesia to keep a track of the level of consciousness of the person.
5. What causes the pre-selected volume of air to flow into the patient by communicating directly with a breathing circuit?
a) Nebulizer
b) Microcontroller
c) Bellows
d) Humidifier
View Answer
Explanation: The bellows are like pumps that send in the air to the patient. They hold a certain volume of air and gives it to the patient at a certain pressure. They work like a normal pump, they suck air from the supply tank in a proportionate ratio and allow it to mix. Then, they force the air out from a tube and it is received by the patient.
6. What is the function of a nebulizer?
a) To supply moisture in the form of droplets
b) To maintain temperature
c) To maintain the gas levels of individual gases
d) To check the safety of valves
View Answer
Explanation: Nebulizers are used to convert the liquids into gaseous form and is sent on the respiratory path. This is also a method to deliver medicines in case of asthma attack, COPD etc. If the air does not contain a sufficient amount of moisture in it, it can cause a drying and desiccation of the respiratory track and pathway. This can cause problems like bleeding and injury. Thus, nebulizers are used to maintain moisture levels of the air.
7. What is one of the crucial reasons for lung compliance to fall?
a) Wet gases
b) Dry gases
c) High temperature gases
d) Low temperature gases
View Answer
Explanation: Our body is made of almost 60% of water and maintaining the water balance in the body is important. The lining of the respiratory tract contains mucus to trap any unwanted particles in the air. Even the lungs contain some percentage of water in form of moisture to better facilitate the exchange of gases in the body. Thus, when the air that is sent into the body has a low moisture content, it starts taking in moisture from the body which in the long run can desiccate the cells and cause bleeding. This causes the lung compliance the fall as well.
8. _______ is the most commonly used material for vapourizer.
a) Steel
b) Cast iron
c) copper
d) Brass
View Answer
Explanation: A vapourizer is a machine that heats water and converts it into steam. This instrument is used to maintain the humidity of the room and is often used to give steam to a patient. Of all the three materials, copper has the best conductivity for heat and it helps the water heat up faster. Thus, copper coils or copper based vessel is used in a vapourizer.
9. The gas pressure supplied by the hospital is maintained at the wall outlet at______ kPa.
a) 275-345
b) 245-325
c) 266-376
d) 225-315
View Answer
Explanation: The gas that is refined in the air treatment plant and then sent to the patients via the wall fittings or to the ventilator, it has to maintain a higher pressure so that the gas can travel long distances with a good velocity. If the pressure is low, the velocity of the gases will be less and then the gases which have regulated temperature and moisture may loose their heat and water content.
10. Which of the following is known as laughing gas?
a) CO2
b) N2O
c) NO2
d) B2O
View Answer
Explanation: N2O is also known as laughing gas. It is also used as a mild anesthetic. It is used in dentistry and as a carrier gas during general anesthesia. It is administered via inhalation, absorbed through diffusion and removed via the normal respiration process.
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