This set of Vegetables Processing Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Waste Management and Utilization in Vegetable Processing”.
1. What is waste management?
a) Organizations to manage waste disposal
b) Schemes to dispose the wastes
c) Schemes to manage wastes
d) Schemes to manage and dispose of wastes
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Explanation: Waste management is process of handling various schemes to manage and dispose of wastes. It includes discarding, abolishing, processing, reprocessing, reusing and controlling the wastes. The objective is to reduce the quantity of unusable materials. It also avoids potential wellbeing and environmental risks.
2. Which of the following is used in vermicomposting?
a) Earthworms
b) Ammonia
c) Fishes
d) Oxygen
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Explanation: Vermicomposting is a solid waste treatment process. It uses worms like earthworms are used to alter the waste which is normally composed of organic materials into a vermin-compost. These worm castings are very significant for the soil fertility.
3. Composting is an aerobic method.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Composting is an aerobic method. It requires air for decomposing organic solid wastes. The process comprises the decomposition of organic matter into compost. This compost is used as fertilizer for plants.
4. Which of the following can be done to reduce potato waste?
a) Pectin extraction
b) Paper pulp
c) Animal feed
d) Formic acid extraction
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Explanation: Potato peel is the waste material from potato processing plant. It can be used as animal feed, fertilizer and raw material of biogas. It has properties like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial and chemo-preventive.
5. What is valorization of waste?
a) Process of only reusing waste materials
b) Process of only recycling and composting waste materials
c) Process of only reusing, and composting waste materials
d) Process of reusing, recycling and composting waste materials
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Explanation: Waste valorization is the process of recycling, reusing and composting waste materials. It is process of converting waste into useful products. It can be like raw materials for other industries, chemicals, fuels and other energy forms.
6. What are the residual fractions from tomato waste?
a) Peel, pomaces
b) Peel, pomaces, stem
c) Peel, leaves
d) Pomaces, pulp
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Explanation: The tomato processing produces two residual fractions. Tomato peels are the byproduct from canning industries. The tomato pomace comprises mixture of crushed seeds, tomato peels and a small amount of pulp.
7. Which of the following can be done to reduce tomato waste?
a) Pectin extraction
b) Paper pulp
c) Ethanol production
d) Thickening agent
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Explanation: The tomato processing plant produces tremendous waste which contains tomato peel. Dried peels powder can be used as thickening agent in tomatoes. It is very important to reduce the waste from food industries that lead to environmental hazards.
8. Onion peel has ability to absorb dissolved salts present in water.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Onion peel absorbs dissolved salts present in water. It can be used in the water treatment. It also absorbs many pigments and dyes that are released into the water from printing industry. The absorption capacity of onion waste is improved by activation methods like microwave treatment.
9. Which of the following are the byproducts of onion waste?
a) Clouding agents
b) Anti caking agents
c) Alcohol production
d) Sequestrates
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Explanation: Onion waste is rich source of polysaccharides. These are hydrolyzed into sugars and are used for the vinegar, alcohol and lactic acid production. Two-stage process is involved where sugar is converted to and then alcohol into vinegar.
10. Which of the following are the byproducts of carrot waste?
a) Clouding agents
b) Carotenoids
c) Alcohol production
d) Sequestrates
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Explanation: The carotenoids are extracted from carrot pomace. Carotenoids are natural pigments. It has important biological activities like antioxidant and pro-vitamin A activity, It provides health benefits like reducing the risk of cancers and eye disease.
11. Which of the following vegetable has highest waste index?
a) Onion
b) Tomato
c) Carrot
d) Cauliflower
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Explanation: Cauliflower is a vegetable with the highest waste index. It contributes nearly 45-60% of the total weight of the vegetable. The waste mainly comprises leaves and stalk. It is mainly used as raw material for composting.
12. What are the main causes of food waste?
a) Overproduction and poor planning
b) Overproduction and overbuying
c) Overbuying and poor planning
d) Overproduction, overbuying and poor planning
View Answer
Explanation: Food is wasted for a variety of reasons. It can be due to bad weather, climate change, processing problems, storage difficulties. It can also be due to overproduction overbuying and poor planning.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Vegetables Processing.
To practice all areas of Vegetables Processing, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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