# Heat Transfer Operations Questions and Answers – Shell Heat Exchangers – Shell Side Effective Diameter

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This set of Heat Transfer Operations online test focuses on “Shell Heat Exchangers – Shell Side Effective Diameter”.

1. The pitch of a baffle arrangement in a shell and tube HE is the distance between centres of two tubes in the shell side arrangement.
a) True
b) False

Explanation: Pitch is defined as the distance between two vacancies for tubes in the baffle arrangement.
It would be clear by the following diagram.

2. What is the pitch of a shell and tube HE if the diameter of the tubes is 30mm and clearance is 10mm?
a) 35mm
b) 38mm
c) 40mm
d) 45mm

Explanation: The pitch of the setup can be defined as Pt = Dt + C = 30 + 10 = 40mm where C is the Clearance.

3. What is the flow area if the pitch of a shell and tube HE is 40mm, the inner diameter of the tubes is 20mm, clearance is 10mm and baffle space is 10mm?
a) 50 sq mm
b) 60 sq mm
c) 55 sq mm
d) 53 sq mm

Explanation: Flow area in a shell and tube HE is represented as: A = $$\frac{ID×C×B}{Pt} = \frac{20×10×10}{40}$$= 50 sq mm.

4. In the calculation of flow area for a shell and tube heat exchanger, which is the correct formula?
Where C = Clearance, Pt = Pitch, ID = Inner Diameter, B = Baffle spacing.
a) A = $$\frac{ID×Pt×C}{B}$$
b) A = $$\frac{ID×Pt×B}{C}$$
c) A = $$\frac{Pt×C×B}{ID}$$
d) A = $$\frac{ID×C×B}{Pt}$$

Explanation: Flow area is the shaded area in the given figure, hence the correct formula is A = $$\frac{ID×C×B}{Pt}$$.

5. Which of the following formula is correct for Equivalent diameter for a triangular pitch?
a) D = $$\frac{4(\frac{1}{2}πPt^2+\frac{\frac{1}{2}πOD^2}{8})}{\frac{1}{2}πOD^2}$$
b) D = $$\frac{4(\frac{1}{2}πPt^2+\frac{\frac{1}{2}πOD^2}{4})}{\frac{1}{2}πOD^2}$$
c) D = $$\frac{4(0.86\frac{1}{2}πPt^2-\frac{\frac{1}{2}πOD^2}{4})}{\frac{1}{2}πOD^2}$$
d) D = $$\frac{4(\frac{0.86}{2}πPt^2-\frac{\frac{1}{2}πOD^2}{4})}{\frac{1}{2}πOD}$$

Explanation: The Equivalent diameter for a triangular pitch is correctly given by the formula,
D = $$\frac{4(\frac{0.86}{2}Pt^2-\frac{\frac{1}{2}πOD^2}{4})}{\frac{1}{2}πOD}$$

6. Which of the following is correct distance for clearance value of the setup?
a)
b)
c)
d)

Explanation: Clearance is defined as the distance between the Outer surfaces of two consecutive Tubes in the Baffle arrangement.

7. What is the correct Entity X in the equivalent diameter of a Triangular pitch?
D = $$\frac{4(\frac{X}{2}Pt^2-\frac{\frac{1}{2}πOD^2}{4})}{\frac{1}{2}πOD}$$
a) 0.23
b) 0.027
c) 0.86
d) 0.086

Explanation: The area of equilateral triangle is $$\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}P\frac{t^2}{2}$$ hence,$$\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$$=0.86.

8. What is the equivalent diameter of a triangular pitch shell and tube HE if pitch is 40mm, the outer diameter of the tubes is 30mm?
a) 29.4 mm
b) 28.4 mm
c) 26.2 mm
d) 24.1 mm

Explanation: The Equivalent diameter for a triangular pitch is correctly given by the formula,
D = $$\frac{4(\frac{0.86}{2}Pt^2-\frac{\frac{π}{2}OD^2}{4})}{\frac{π}{2}OD}$$ = $$\frac{4(\frac{0.86}{2}40^2-\frac{\frac{1}{2}π30^2}{4})}{\frac{1}{2}π30}$$=28.43.

9. What is the clearance for a triangular pitch?
a)
b)
c)
d)

Explanation: Clearance is defined as the distance between the outer surface of two consecutive Tubes in the Baffle arrangement in the required Heat Exchanger.

10. Which of the following is the correct flow area for the shell side?
a)
b)
c)
d)

Explanation: The flow area for a triangular pitch, for the shell side in a shell and tube heat exchanger is the region of the triangle excluding the tubes, that is the area outside the tubes.

11. What is the equivalent diameter of a square pitch shell and tube HE if pitch is 40mm, the outer diameter of the tubes is 30mm?
a) 39.4 mm
b) 37.9 mm
c) 36.2 mm
d) 34.1 mm

Explanation: The Equivalent diameter for a square pitch is correctly given by the formula,
D = $$\frac{4(Pt^2-\frac{πOD^2}{4})}{πOD}=\frac{4(40^2-\frac{π30^2}{4})}{π30}$$ = 37.92 mm.

12. Which one of the following is the correct formula for the equivalent diameter for square pitch?
a) D = $$\frac{4(Pt^2-\frac{πOD^2}{4})}{πOD}$$
b) D = $$\frac{4(0.86×Pt^2-\frac{πOD^2}{4})}{πOD}$$
c) D = $$\frac{(\frac{0.86}{2}Pt^2-\frac{πOD^2}{4})}{\frac{π}{2}OD}$$
d) D = $$\frac{4(\frac{0.86}{2}Pt^2-\frac{πOD^2}{4})}{\frac{π}{2}OD}$$

Explanation: The equivalent diameter for a square pitch is approximately the radius of the flow area available which is D = $$\frac{4(Pt^2-\frac{πOD^2}{4})}{πOD}$$. Whereas the following formula is for a triangular pitch: D = $$\frac{4(\frac{0.86}{2}Pt^2-\frac{πOD^2}{4})}{\frac{π}{2}OD}$$.

13. Which one of the following correct portrays flow area for the shell side in square pitch?
a)
b)
c)
d)

Explanation: The flow area for a square pitch, for the shell side in a shell and tube heat exchanger is the region of the square excluding the tubes that is the area outside the tubes.

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Heat Transfer Operations.

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