This set of Chemical Industry Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Synthetic Organic Chemical – Penicillin”.
1. How many types of penicillin are there?
a) 5
b) 4
c) 3
d) 2
View Answer
Explanation: Penicillin is the first-ever antibiotic to be discovered by Alexander Fleming. There are five types of penicillin present, namely, aminopenicillins, antipseudomonal penicillin, beta-lactamase inhibitors, natural penicillin, and the penicillinase-resistant penicillin.
2. Which of the following is responsible for the penicillin discovery?
a) Streptococcus
b) E. coli
c) Staphylococcus
d) Mycobacterium
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Explanation: The antibiotic called penicillin antibiotic was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928, while he was investigating staphylococcus aureus, a common type of bacteria that causes boils and harmful infections in patients whose immune systems are weak.
3. Which of the following is affected due to the variation is the R-group of penicillin?
a) Solubility
b) Dosage
c) Ingestion rate control
d) Cost
View Answer
Explanation: The variations in the R-group of the penicillin structure can affect the dosage as well as its clinical desirability. The different variations can be a benzyl group, heptyl group, Phenoxy-methyl group, etc.
4. For rapid action injection, the M variation in the structure of penicillin can be aluminum.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: No, this is a false statement. Variations in M in the main ring will impart solubility and ingestion rate control. Therefore, for rapid action injections, the M variations can be either sodium or potassium, but not aluminum. Aluminum can be used for oral tablets.
5. Why is CaCO3 added in the preparation of penicillin?
a) To improve solubility
b) To decrease solubility
c) To increase the yield
d) To adjust pH
View Answer
Explanation: For the preparation of 1 kg of Type II Penicillin, there is a requirement of 35 kgs of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Calcium carbonate is added during the manufacture of penicillin to adjust the pH of the solution to a 5-6 range.
6. The fermentation medium is sterilized at which temperature during the process of penicillin production?
a) 115 degree
b) 100 degree
c) 200 degree
d) 275 degree
View Answer
Explanation: During the production of Type II Penicillin, the fermentation medium is sterilized with steam at 115 degrees for half an hour and then cooled with water to a temperature of 25 degrees, inoculated with a specific mold culture. This sterilization is done to get the medium free from contaminants.
7. Penicillin salt is extracted by which of the following?
a) Sodium chloride
b) Hydrogen iodide
c) Amyl acetate
d) Amyl phosphate
View Answer
Explanation: Separation of penicillin from the fermented broth is accomplished by the process of solvent extraction. The suspended solids are removed by continuous filtration at 1‐2⁰C. Then, the clear filtrate or the beer is adjusted to a pH of 2.5 with dilute phosphoric acid. After that, penicillin salt is extracted with the help of amyl acetate.
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