This set of Chemical Process Technology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Natural Products – Detergents”.
1. An example of cationic detergent is _____________
a) pyridinium derivatives
b) fatty acid amides
c) sulfonates
d) aliphatic polyhydric alcohol esters
View Answer
Explanation: Sulfonates are examples of anionic detergents, pyridinium derivatives are cationic detergents, fatty acid amides and aliphatic polyhydric alcohol esters are non-ionic detergents.
2. Which of the following have excellent grease emulsification characteristics?
a) Detergent builders
b) Anionic detergents
c) Non-ionic detergents
d) Cationic detergents
View Answer
Explanation: Non-ionic detergents produce little foam but have excellent grease emulsification and soil removal characteristics. Detergent builders are used for improving the characteristics of detergents.
3. Sodium carboxycellulose is used __________
a) to extend foam
b) to avoid aluminum corrosion
c) as brighteners
d) to improve soil and dirt suspension
View Answer
Explanation: Sodium carboxycellulose is used to improve soil and dirt suspension, phosphates to extend foam; fluorescent dyes are used as brighteners, and sodium silicate to avoid aluminum corrosion.
4. Which chemical compound is not added at the stage of sodium reduction of coconut oil (detergent manufacture)?
a) Amyl alcohol
b) Xylene
c) Toluene
d) Oleum
View Answer
Explanation: Molten sodium is added slowly to coconut oil in an aliphatic solvent generally Xylene or toluene with esterifying alcohol such as amyl alcohol.
5. Sequential steps involved in the manufacture of sodium salts of sulfated fatty alcohols are _______________
a) hydrogenation- reduction-sulfation
b) reduction-hydrogenation-sulfation
c) hydrogenation-sulfation-reduction
d) reduction-sulfation-hydrogenation
View Answer
Explanation: In manufacture of sodium salts of sulfated fatty alcohols, first catalytic hydrogenation of coconut oil takes place followed by sodium reduction of coconut oil. Then oleum is added for sulfation of fatty alcohol.
6. Catalysts used in the catalytic hydrogenation of coconut oil are _____________
a) Nickel catalysts
b) Copper catalysts
c) Platinum catalysts
d) Cobalt catalysts
View Answer
Explanation: Copper catalysts are used in the catalytic hydrogenation of coconut oil. Care must be taken saturation of double bonds doesn’t takes place as saturation is not suitable for manufacturing detergents.
7. Sequential steps involved in the manufacture of alkyl-aryl sulfonates are __________
a) chlorination-alkylation-sulfation
b) alkylation-chlorination-sulfonation
c) chlorination-alkylation-sulfonation
d) alkylation-chlorination-sulfation
View Answer
Explanation: Paraffin is chlorinated to form alkyl chloride which reacts with benzene to form alkyl benzene. Alkyl benzene on sulfonation produces alkyl benzene sulfonates (ABS).
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Chemical Process Technology.
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