This set of Chemical Industry Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Inorganic Chemical – Phosphurus Industry”.
1. What is IMI process in the production of phosphoric acid?
a) Wet process
b) Electric furnace process
c) Carbo-nitric process
d) Mining process
View Answer
Explanation: Israel Mining industries=IMI process is the wet process of phosphoric acid production by hydrochloric acid leaching. In this process concentrated aqueous HCL as waste or by product acid is used.
2. In which phosphorus industry ortho and polyphosphate are used as raw materials?
a) Nitro-phosphates production
b) Sodium tripoly-phosphate production
c) Ammonium phosphates production
d) Calcium phosphate production
View Answer
Explanation: Ortho and polyphosphate are used as raw materials in the production of sodium tripoly-phosphate. Monoammonium phosphates are used in ammonium phosphate production while phosphate rocks are used in calcium phosphate production.
3. In which phosphorous industry ‘acidulation’ reaction is occur?
a) Elemental phosphorus production
b) Phosphorus pentoxide production
c) Phosphoric acid production
d) Calcium phosphate production
View Answer
Explanation: ‘Acidulation’ reaction is associated with calcium phosphate production. In this reaction phosphate rock reacts with aqueous H2SO4 and produced superphosphate and HF.
4. How triple-superphosphate is made?
a) Phosphate rock+H2SO4
b) Phosphate rock+HCl
c) Phosphate rock+HNO3
d) Phosphate rock+H3PO4
View Answer
Explanation: Triple-superphosphate can be made by reacting phosphate rock with phosphoric acid. It contains 42-50% P2O5 while ‘phosphate rock+H2SO4’ gives superphosphate.
5. Which one of mentioned below is not used as mined rock impurity in the production of phosphoric acid?
a) Aluminum
b) Silicon
c) Arsenic
d) Iron-oxides
View Answer
Explanation: Except arsenic all are such as aluminium, silicon, Iron-oxide are considered as mined rock impurity. The high grade of imported ore is necessary to avoid solubilization of these mined rock impurities.
6. What is ‘merseberg process’?
a) Ammonium sulphate production
b) Calcium carbonate production
c) Sodium carbonate production
d) Sodium phosphate production
View Answer
Explanation: In phosphoric acid production, gypsum is formed as intermediate and it can be reacted with ammonium carbonates to give ammonium sulphate (fertilizer ingredient) and calcium carbonate (merseberg process).
7. In calcium phosphate production, phosphate rock lumps are crushed in which crusher?
a) Cone crusher
b) Gyratory crusher
c) Roll crusher
d) Jaw crusher
View Answer
Explanation: In calcium phosphate production, phosphate rock lumps are crushed in a jaw crusher and ground to 100 mesh in a hammer or ring mill and further mixed with H2SO4 to gives superphosphate.
8. Where ‘ammonia neutralization ‘ is done?
a) To produce nitrophosphate
b) To produce ammonium sulphate
c) To produce ammonium nitrate
d) To produce ammonium phosphate
View Answer
Explanation: Ammonia neutralization is done in nitric acid digestion and nitric acid-sulfuric acid digestion of nitrophosphate production, where acid soluble CaHPO4, Ca(NO3)2, NH4NO3 is produced.
9. What is the quantitative requirements of sulfuric acid in production of phosphoric acid?
a) 32%
b) 93-98%
c) 42-50%
d) 20%
View Answer
Explanation: 93-98% of sulphuric acid is needed in the production of phosphoric acid, while 32% phosphate rock is needed. This sulphuric acid is reacts with Ca(PO4)2 to produce gypsum as intermediate product.
10. What is ‘X’ in the following flow chart?
a) Single effect filter
b) Travelling pan filter
c) Multiple effect filter
d) Fume scrubber
View Answer
Explanation: In phosphoric acid production gypsum-phosphoric acid, slurry goes to a travelling pan vacuum filter where 40% acid is removed and cake washed with water and produced washed gypsum.
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