This set of Chemical Industry Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Inorganic Chemical – Ammonium Nitrate”.
1. Which of the following reaction unit is used in manufacture of Ammonium Nitrate by Stengel’s process?
a) Carbon steel
b) Graphite
c) Stainless steel
d) Tantalum
View Answer
Explanation: Carbon steel can be used only in the reaction where temperature reaches a maximum of 120 degrees. However, in Stengel process, where it is necessary to preheat 60% HNO3 to 170 degrees, expensive tantalum metal is needed to avoid high temperature HNO3 corrosion.
2. Constitution of which of the following element makes it highly explosive compound?
a) Ammonia
b) Nitrogen Oxide
c) Oxygen
d) Nitrogen Dioxide
View Answer
Explanation: As with increase in temperature ammonium nitrate decomposes to give toxic gases ammonia and nitrogen oxide. Nitrogen oxide produced supports combustion, even in the absence oxygen. Thus, making it highly explosive compound.
3. Presence of which of the following enables ammonium nitrates to produce toxic fumes even after the initial fire is removed?
a) Bromides
b) Nitrates
c) Chlorides
d) Oxides
View Answer
Explanation: Some types of ammonium nitrates containing a small amount of chlorides (e.g., Potassium Chlorides) undergo self-sustaining decomposition. This spreads throughout the mass to produce toxic fumes.
4. Which of the following material can be used to prevent decomposition of ammonium nitrate?
a) Ammonia
b) Chlorine
c) Nitrogen
d) Water
View Answer
Explanation: All the acids and many other elements have a catalytic effect on decomposition of ammonium nitrate. The decomposition can be suppressed by maintaining alkaline conditions. Therefore, ammonia can be used to safeguard against the hazard.
5. After drying and screening hot ammonium nitrate granules are treated with ___________
a) amines
b) chloride
c) oxides
d) water
View Answer
Explanation: For treatment the hot ammonium nitrate granules are coated with amines (anti-caking agent) to prevent caking and then treated with inert material in the final step. Thus, formed ammonium nitrate granules are sent for packaging.
6. Which component makes ammonium nitrate a good fertilizer?
a) Ammonia
b) Oxygen
c) Nitrate
d) Hydrogen
View Answer
Explanation: Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrients required by plants. The nitrogen required by the plants is readily available to the soil, because plants usually take nitrogen in form of nitrates, which are readily available in ammonium nitrate.
7. What happens to the hot concentrated melt of ammonium nitrate after mixing of filling material?
a) Prilled
b) Fluidized bed granulation
c) Drum granulation
d) Granulation
View Answer
Explanation: Ammonium nitrate is formed into droplets by prilling. Although granulation is preferred from environmental point of view granulation is not usually done because it requires a more complex setup and a variety of equipment.
8. Contamination with which of the following material does not have any harmful effect on ammonium nitrate?
a) Ammonia
b) Zinc
c) Oxygen
d) NO2
View Answer
Explanation: Contamination of ammonium nitrate with organic material support decomposition of ammonium nitrate which on decomposition initiates ignition of the material. NO2 on the other hand does not have any major effect on ammonium nitrate.
9. Ammonium nitrate is used as an intermediate in manufacture of which of the following?
a) Nitrolime
b) Urea
c) Ammonia
d) Nitric acid
View Answer
Explanation: The use of ammonium nitrate as a fertilizer is not much appreciated due to its too high leaching rate on soil application it is therefore sent to the industry for production of nitrolime. In other compounds ammonia is generally used as the feedstock.
10. Name the property of ammonium nitrate, which helps in storing and handling it.
a) Reducing nature
b) Oxidizing nature
c) Acidic
d) Alkaline
View Answer
Explanation: As ammonium nitrate is a strong oxidizing agent it reacts with almost every element and decomposes. It also supports combustion. Thus, making it important to store and handle ammonium nitrate carefully.
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