This set of Protein Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Protein Engineering for Healthcare”.
1. Protein engineering can be potentially used in which of the following industries?
a) Ceramic
b) Iron
c) Furniture
d) Healthcare
View Answer
Explanation: Protein engineering can be potentially used in healthcare. Protein engineering cannot be potentially used in ceramic, iron, and furniture industry. Few engineered proteins are already on the market for healthcare products.
2. The efficiency of a drug is not dependent on which of the following parameter?
a) Activity
b) Stability
c) Selectivity
d) General targeting
View Answer
Explanation: The efficiency of a drug is not dependent on the general targeting of the drug. The efficiency of a drug is dependent on parameters such as activity, stability, selectivity, specific targeting, and rate of clearance in the body. These issues can be addressed through protein engineering.
3. Which of the following are probes that mimic the molecular interactions of natural proteins?
a) Growth factors
b) Hormones and receptors
c) Enzymes
d) Peptides and peptidomimetics
View Answer
Explanation: Peptides and peptidomimetics are probes that mimic the molecular interactions of natural proteins and are therefore useful in the process of drug discovery. Growth factors, hormones and receptors, and enzymes are not probes that mimic the molecular interactions of natural proteins.
4. Protein engineering can be used to produce peptide and polypeptide vaccines, especially for protection against hazardous viruses.
a) False
b) True
View Answer
Explanation: The above statement is true. Protein engineering can be used to produce peptide and polypeptide vaccines, especially for protection against hazardous viruses since they mimic the immunogenic epitopes of the viral coat. Hybrid proteins can be constructed to present the antigen to the immune system to elicit an immune response.
5. Which of the following technique is not used for Protein Engineering?
a) DNA shuffling
b) Error-prone PCR
c) rDNA technology
d) DNA fingerprinting
View Answer
Explanation: DNA fingerprinting is the technique that is not used for protein engineering. DNA shuffling, Error-prone PCR, and rDNA technology are all used in protein engineering. DNA shuffling and Error-prone PCR are used for directed evolution and rDNA technology is used for expression of the modified protein.
6. Which of the following cytokines has not been engineered for immunostimulation or therapeutic values?
a) IL-2
b) IL-6
c) IL-13
d) IL-1
View Answer
Explanation: IL-1 cytokines have not been engineered for immunostimulation or therapeutic values. Cytokines such as IL-2, IL-6, and IL-13 are secreted proteins of the immune system and have an important role in shaping the immune response. Hence, these cytokines have been engineered for immunostimulation or therapeutic values.
7. Which of the following provides a cheaper and safer method for the production of vaccines?
a) Ribosome engineering
b) Mitochondria engineering
c) Nucleus engineering
d) Chloroplast engineering
View Answer
Explanation: Chloroplast engineering provides a cheaper and safer method for the production of vaccines as there is a high level of expression of proteins and multiple proteins can be produced altogether by expression of multiple genes. Ribosome engineering, mitochondria engineering, and nucleus engineering do not provide a cheaper and safer method for the production of vaccines.
8. Components of intracellular signal transduction machinery and proteins in the regulation of gene transcription are important targets of protein engineering.
a) False
b) True
View Answer
Explanation: The above statement is true. Components of intracellular signal transduction machinery and proteins in the regulation of gene transcription are important targets of protein engineering in healthcare applications. These proteins are responsible for many diseases.
9. Which of the following involves mimicking or blocking the activity of enzymes or natural peptides upon the design and synthesis of metabolically stable peptide analogs?
a) Auromimetics
b) Carbamimetics
c) Carcinomimetics
d) Peptidomimetics
View Answer
Explanation: Peptidomimetics involves mimicking or blocking the activity of enzymes or natural peptides upon the design and synthesis of metabolically stable peptide analogs. Auromimetics, carbamimetics, and carcinomimetics do not involve mimicking or blocking the activity of enzymes or natural peptides upon the design and synthesis of metabolically stable peptide analogs.
10. Which of the following technique is a powerful method for single-cell analysis and is also used in protein engineering studies?
a) Western Blotting
b) PCR
c) ELISA
d) Flow cytometry
View Answer
Explanation: Flow cytometry technique is a powerful method for single-cell analysis and is also used in protein engineering studies. Western Blotting, PCR, and ELISA are not a powerful method for single-cell analysis.
11. Which of the following is a 238-residue protein from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria?
a) Red fluorescent protein
b) Purple fluorescent protein
c) Green protein
d) Green fluorescent protein
View Answer
Explanation: Green fluorescent protein is a 238-residue protein from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. It is a very important protein that is widely used for biological and medical research purposes. This protein exhibits bright green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range.
12. Avidin and streptavidin are proteins that are structurally and functionally analogous.
a) False
b) True
View Answer
Explanation: The above statement is true. Avidin and streptavidin are proteins that are structurally and functionally analogous. Because of their ability to bind to biotin very tightly, they are widely used in avidin-biotin binding technology.
13. Which of the following are a combination of antibodies and lipocalins?
a) Lipobodies
b) Antibody-calins
c) Lipobodies
d) Anticalins
View Answer
Explanation: Anticalins are a combination of antibodies and lipocalins. Anticalins have many advantages such as being significantly smaller than antibodies, not requiring post-translational modifications, having robust biophysical properties, and the ability to be produced in microbial expression systems.
14. GFP has low structural stability.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The above statement is false. GFP has high structural stability. It has unique spectroscopic characteristics, undergoes an autocatalytic post-translational cyclization and oxidation of the polypeptide chain around ser65, Tyr66, and Gly67 residues, to form an extended and rigidly encapsulated conjugated π system.
15. Which of the following is not an application of GFP?
a) Protein localization
b) Biomarkers
c) Protein-protein interaction
d) Protein modification
View Answer
Explanation: Green fluorescent protein has been modified extensively to be used in a wide range of applications such as protein localization studies, as a biomarker, in protein-protein interaction studies, etc. GFP is not used for protein modification.
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