This set of Nanotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Nano Structured Material – Ceramics”.
1. Which of the following methods do not form ceramic nano particles?
a) Sol gel
b) Sintering
c) Reverse micro emulsion
d) Saponification
View Answer
Explanation: Sol gel is the most common method of preparation of ceramic nano particles. This method involves the mixture of a gel and a solution containing nano particles to form the ceramic. Sintering is a method involving pressure and heat to form ceramics. Reverse micro emulsions (Water in oil micro emulsion method) are widely used as an ideal method to prepare inorganic nano particles.
2. Which ceramic nano particle can rebound to its original state after repeated crushing without any structural damage?
a) Nanotruss
b) Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)
c) Titanium Oxide
d) Hydroxyapatite
View Answer
Explanation: Nanotruss is a nano ceramic structure made out of aluminum oxide. It is known for its super lightweight and super strong material with high durability. It also has a unique property, that is after its compression it can revert to its original form without structural damage.
3. Which among the following properties is not shown by ceramic nanoparticles?
a) Superplasticity
b) Ferromagnetism
c) Pyroelectricity
d) Paramagnetism
View Answer
Explanation: Ceramic nanoparticles have many improved properties than bulk ceramic. These include super plasticity, pyroelectricity, ferromagnetism, dielectricity, magnetoresistance. But Paramagnetism is not one of them.
4. These ceramic nanoparticles are surface functionalized with arginin-glycine-aspartic acid peptide ligands and radioiodine. They exhibit higher affinity and residence in tumours and peripherial blood fluids. What are they?
a) Mesoporous silica nanoparticles
b) Hydroxyapatite
c) Multimodal silica nanoparticles
d) Solid silica nanoparticles
View Answer
Explanation: Multimodal silica nanoparticles are found to be effective markers in cancer diagnosis and imaging. They are surface functionalized with arginin-glycine-aspartic acid peptide ligands and radioiodine. They show higher affinity and residence in tumours and peripherial blood fluids.
5. For the treatment of which disease ceramic nanoparticles are not used?
a) Osteoporosis
b) Whooping Cough
c) Cancer
d) Glaucoma
View Answer
Explanation: Ceramic nanoparticles are used extensively as drug delivery agents for treating cancer. It is used for treatment of Glaucoma. Bone diseases like osteoporosis can be treated using nanoceramics like calcium phosphate nanoparticles.
6. High temperature flame decomposition of metal organic precursors produces silica nanoparticles. What is this process known as?
a) Sol gel method
b) Chemical vapour condensation
c) Hydrothermal Synthesis
d) Citrate method
View Answer
Explanation: Silica nanoparticles are produced by flame spray synthesis. The synthesis process involves reaction of oxygen (an oxidant), hydrogen (fuel), and a suitable precursor such as tetraethylorthosilicate. The method is often referred to as Chemical Vapour Condensation (CVC).
7. Shape of nanoceramic depends upon their preparation methods.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The preparation method of a nanoceramic determines its shape to a great extent. Example: Magnesium when burnt in oxygen results in cubes and hexagonal plates. But thermal decomposition of magnesium hydroxide [Mg (OH)2] causes irregular shapes, often platelets in hexagonal form.
8. Hybrid nanospheres with this ceramic quantum dots possess efficient sensitivity and high selectivity that is used for donating and real time detecting nitric oxide. Which ceramic particle is it?
a) Titanium oxide
b) Zirconium
c) Cadmium-selenide
d) Sodium bicarbonate
View Answer
Explanation: Research revealed that when hybrid Nanospheres were synthesized with cadmium selenide quantum dots (CdSe QDs), the efficient sensitivity and high selectivity of this could be used for donating and detecting a Nitric oxide system. The nanospheres with QDs have spherical dimension of nearly 130nm.
9. Silica nanoparticles are synthesized by Reverse Micro-Emulsion method. There are a few drawbacks of this technique. Which of the following is not one of them?
a) Expensive
b) Difficulties faced during removal of surfactants from final product
c) Formation of agglomeration free nanoparticles
d) Loss of disparity of the nanoparticles
View Answer
Explanation: Surfactants are formed during this process which needs to be removed by additional processing of products. Most common method used for surfactant removal is solvent extraction which is economically very expensive. Another disadvantage is that there is loss of disparity of the nanoparticles after the process.
10. There have been recent advances in biomedical application for tissue engineering and bone repair owing to the different advantageous properties shown by ceramic nano-scaffolds. Which of the following property is not one of them?
a) High Porosity
b) High reactivity
c) Greater Surface area
d) High Structural Stability
View Answer
Explanation: Nano-Scaffolds have a lot of advantages. Its structure provides high porosity, greater surface area, high structural stability and long degradation time. It is because of this special properties nano-scaffolds have found their way into biomedical technology.
11. Which 3D structure provides mechanical support for growing cells and tissues and also allows the interaction of cells and extracellular matrices minimizing cellular environment?
a) Nano – Clays
b) Nano – Scaffolds
c) Nanometals
d) Nanosemiconductors
View Answer
Explanation: Nano – scaffolds have recently found their wide applications in the biomedical technology. These structures have been used for regrowth of tissues and bones, including limbs and organs. They have been used to regrow burned skin.
12. Which ceramic nanoparticle when used as a thermal barrier coating in pure form can lead to catastrophe?
a) Zirconia
b) Alumina
c) Mullite
d) Hydroxyapatite
View Answer
Explanation: Zirconia manifests 3 crystallographic phases with the increasing temperature at normal atmospheric pressure. The t to m phase transformation in pure Zirconia during cooling is associated with large temperature hysteresis and considerable volumetric change. This leads to catastrophe. Hence, zirconia is frequently added with several dopants (calcia, ceria, magnesia etc.) to stabilize the high temperature t or c phase in the coated microstructure. This prevents the catastrophe.
13. Ceramic nanoparticles are classified into three groups – ceramic nanoparticles, ceramic nanoscaffolds and ceramic nanoclays.
a) False
b) True
View Answer
Explanation: Ceramic nanoparticles comprises of inorganic, metallic or non-metallic compounds. For instance: – Silica, Alumina. Ceramic Scaffolds are 2-3D structures that provide mechanical support for the growth of damaged cells and tissues. Ceramic nanoclays are thin layered structures comprising of a wide range of high performance cements nano-composites.
14. Which of the following ceramic nanoparticles is not used in gene delivery?
a) Calcium carbonate
b) Lead monoxide (PbO)
c) Silica
d) Calcium phosphate
View Answer
Explanation: Calcium carbonate (CaCo3), Silica (SiO2) and Calcium phosphate [Ca3(PO4)2] have found wide application in gene delivery. Lead monoxide (PbO) is an inorganic compound. It is used mainly in lead based industrial glass and ceramics.
15. What is the chemical reaction employing calcium hydroxide and hydrogen phosphate, yielding nanocrystals of Hydroxyapatite, known?
a) Wet chemical deposition
b) Mechanochemical Synthesis
c) Reverse Microemulsions
d) Flame Spray Synthesis.
View Answer
Explanation: Wet chemical deposition is the most common method of preparation of Hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate) nanoparticles. Reaction for the above method is given below:
10Ca(OH)2 + 6H3PO4 ➝ Ca10 (PO4)6(OH)2 + 18H2O
The temperature of the reaction plays an important role in determining the crystalline size. Synthesis carried out at temperature lower than 60°C results in monocrystalline nanoparticles, whereas at higher temperature polycrystalline nanoparticles are obtained.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Nanotechnology.
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