This set of Nanotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Application of Nanocomposites”.
1. How do nanocomposites help in healing broken bones?
a) Modulate degeneration of injury
b) Dissuade the mechanical properties of formed tissues
c) Mimic structural arrangement of native bones
d) Slow down the growth of replacement bones
View Answer
Explanation: Certain nanocomposites can be fabricated to mimic the material composition of native bone tissues. They are placed as a kind of scaffold that guides and speeds up the growth of the replacement bone. Nanocomposites of HA and collagen exhibit excellent osteoconductive properties. Upon combining with other polymeric biomaterials they reinforce the mechanical properties thus posing a promising future for healing broken bones.
2. Why are nanocomposites used in making films?
a) Reduce hardness
b) Enhance transparency
c) Reduce weight
d) Enhance haze
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Explanation: Nanocomposites are used in films since they have demonstrated significant effects on the transparency and haze characteristics of the film. Using polyamide based nanocomposites can enhance transparency considerably while reducing haze.
3. What is the main application of (Al1-xTixN)/α-Si3N4 in the industry?
a) Lithium battery development
b) Tribological coating for tools
c) Preparation of beverage containers
d) Manufacturing magnetic devices
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Explanation: (Al1-xTixN)/α-Si3N4 nanocomposites are used as tribological coating for tools, hard and dry cutting operations such as turning, drilling and milling. The material is super hard and possesses high tensile strength and great durability as wear resistant coatings.
4. Why are nanofillers preferred to microfillers in reducing flammability of polymers?
a) Makes use of retardant agents
b) Reduces water absorption
c) Maintains other properties of polymer
d) Shows transparency
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Explanation: Polymers with only 2% loading of nanofillers can restrict flammability behavior. Although conventional microparticle fillers together with the use of flame retardant agents minimize flammability behaviour, nanofillers are more preferred for this purpose. This is because the microfillers trigger reactions that alter other important properties of the polymer. However, nanofillers maintain or sometimes even enhance the properties of the polymer.
5. Nanomodified polymers enhance mechanical properties of polymeric transparency materials when coated on them.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Nanomodified polymers when coated on polymeric transparency materials enhance both toughness and hardness of the materials without interfering with the light transmission characteristics. Their ability to resist high velocity impact and enhanced abrasion resistance can be attributed to the nanomodified polymers.
6. Match the given metal composite system with their respective potential applications.
I. Al/SiC (i) Optical devices II. Fe/Fe26C6/Fe3B (ii) Photo-electrochemical applications III. Au/Ag (iii) Aerospace structures IV. Ni/TiO2 (iv) Electronic packaging V. Cu/Al2O3 (v) Structural materials
a) I-(ii); II-(iv); III-(v); IV-(i); V-(iii)
b) I-(iv); II-(i); III-(ii); IV-(iii); V-(v)
c) I-(v); II-(iii); III-(ii); IV-(i); V-(iv)
d) I-(iii); II-(v); III-(i); IV-(ii); V-(iv)
View Answer
Explanation: Ni/TiO2 nanocomposites are used in photoelectrochemical applications. Al/SiC nanocomposites find their applications in aerospace, naval and automotive structures. Cu/Al2O3 nanocomposites can be employed in electronic packaging. Fe/Fe23C6/Fe3B nanocomposites are used as structural materials. Au/Ag nanocomposites finds potential in microelectronics and optical devices.
7. Which of the following is not a purpose of using nanocomposites in windmills?
a) Shorter blades
b) Stronger blades
c) Longer blades
d) Lighter blades
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Explanation: Windmill blades can be made out of epoxy CNT-polymer nanocomposites. The material used in these blades results in strong, lightweight and long windmill blades. The long blades increase the amount of electricity generated by each windmill.
8. Why are silicon-carbon nanocomposites used in producing lithium ion batteries?
a) Provides lesser contact with electrolyte
b) Provides faster heating
c) Provides higher strength to weight ratio
d) Provides faster charging
View Answer
Explanation: Extensive research has led to the development of silicon carbon nanocomposites that are used as anodes for lithium Ion batteries. The silicon nanospheres and carbon nanoparticles comprising nanocomposites make closer contact with the lithium electrolyte allowing for faster charging or discharging of power.
9. Why are nanocomposites used in fuel tanks?
a) Increase tortuosity
b) Reduces fuel transmission
c) Increases octane number
d) Diminishes contaminants
View Answer
Explanation: Nanoclay incorporation has led to the reduction in solvent transmission through polymers such as polyamides. Research has revealed significant reductions in the fuel transmission through polyamide-6/66 polymers when combined with nanoclay fillers to form nanocomposites. The reduction in fuel transmission can also aid in lowering material costs.
10. Match the following polymer nanocomposites with their potential applications.
I. Polycarbonate/SiO2 (i) Skeletal tissue repair II. Polyimide/SiO2 (ii) Automotive step assists III. Poly ethylacrylate/SiO2 (iii) Microelectronics IV. Polycaprolactone/SiO2 (iv) Abrasion resistant coating V. Polyimide/clay (v) Catalysis support
a) I-(iv); II-(iii); III-(v); IV-(i); V-(ii)
b) I-(iii); II-(i); III-(iv); IV-(ii); V-(v)
c) I-(v); II-(ii); III-(i); IV-(iii); V-(iv)
d) I-(ii); II-(i); III-(iii); IV-(v); V-(iv)
View Answer
Explanation: Polycaprolactone/SiO2 nanocomposites can be used as bone-bioerodible for skeletal tissue repair. Polyimide/SiO2 nanocomposites can be applied in microelectronics. Polyimide/clay can be employed as automotive step assists. Polyethylacrylate/SiO2 can act as catalysis support. Polycarbonate/SiO2 can be utilized in making abrasion resistant coating.
11. How can nanocomposites be useful in food processing industry?
a) Prevents reduction reactions in food
b) Prevents temperature changes of food
c) Prevents colour changes in food
d) Prevents oxidation reactions in food
View Answer
Explanation: The presence of oxygen or water vapour even in smallest of amounts inside the sealed package can trigger oxidation and ultimately spoil the food. Nanocomposite packaging is expected to enhance considerably the shelf life of different types of food. This is because of the improved tortuosity provided by the nanoclays particles. They essentially slow down the transmission of oxygen through the composite and lead the molecules towards the active scavengers that pick up oxygen. This results in near zero oxygen transmission for a considerable period of time.
12. Choose the incorrect statement from the following.
a) Cellulose-CNT nanocomposites can form flexible batteries
b) Magnetic fluorescent nanocomposites can make tumors easier to view and remove
c) Polyamide-nanoclay composites with increased aspect ratio exhibit increased water absorption
d) Graphene-epoxy nano composites have extremely high strength to weight ratios
View Answer
Explanation: Cellulose-CNT nanocomposites can be used to make a conductive paper which when soaked in an electrolyte can act as a flexible battery. Attempts are made to combine magnetic and fluorescent nanoparticles to form nanocomposites. Magnetic property aids in viewing the tumor during an MRI procedure while fluorescent property helps in viewing it while operating. Graphene-epoxy nanocomposites result in higher strength-to-weight ratios for uses in windmill blades or aircraft components. Polyamide-based nanocomposites with increased aspect ratio diminish the amount of water absorbed.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Nanotechnology.
To practice all areas of Nanotechnology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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